Izithiyo ezibangela aboHlanga banganethezeki
Nhlangothi zonke kugqama izinkomba ezifakazela ukuthi abengabadi basekude ukuhlala ngokunethezeka ezweni labo uma bengaguquli ukucabanga nokwenza kwabo.
Yize igama lithi sakhululeka ngowe-1994, izimo ezikhona zikhombisa ukuthi abamhlophe lokhu betotoswa, bona akukho abakudedelayo futhi akukho guquko oluza nenselelo kubona ephoqa bazithole kunezinto ezintsha okumele bazifunde, bazenze noma bahambisane nazo. Kepha izimiso zonke nje empilweni zisemi ngokosikompilo lwabamhlophe.
Leli lizwe esalishiyelwa ngokhokho nathi esisazolishiyela abezayo lisho ngezintaba ezimumethe nezisithukusele umcebo, linamathafa, imifula nemifudlana, imvelo yonke, amagugu anjengemigede, amadwala, amachibi nezimpophoma, ugu lolwandle nanoma yini enye. Abengabadi lokhu beyizibukeli abanye bebe betamuza umcebo oyifa labo. Lesi simo sikhwezelwa ukugubuzelwa yifu lobuwula okwenza ifa lethu bese lidliwa abahlakaniphileyo sibhekile. Kulolu shicilelo ngiveza izinto engizibona ziyizithiyo ezenza abengabadi bangakwazi ukuhlala ngokunethezeka.
Isithombe okungeyiso ngenkululeko yethu
Ngenkathi sithola inkululeko kushaywa ihhule kwakheka isithombe okungeyiso, kubatshazwa inkululeko ezuziwe njengebe yisimanga nomlingo uqobo lwawo. Ukufakazela lokhu kwakwenanelwa ngokuthi “ngoba akuchithekanga gazi”.
Naphakathi kwethu thina aboHlanga bakhona ababevuma le mvumo yesimanga nomlingo. Kunezinkulungwane zemiphefumulo eyaphuma ezinxushunxushwini zombangazwe lapho aboHlanga babehlalene ngobhongwane bephakamiselene izikhali. Ingabe labo abalimala, bedlula emhlabeni, abanye basala beyizinqekle, babengeyizo yini izidalwa noma abantu, pho kungani elabo igazi lingegazi? Angiboni ukuthi labo abalahlekelwa yizihlobo abanye basala beyizintandane ibaphatha kahle le yomlingo obatshazwayo.
Ngaphandle uma kuwukuthi ngokuthi akuchithekanga igazi kuqondwe ukuthi awubangabikho umbhedukazwe lapho kwabanempi aboHlanga beziphindiselela kwabamhlophe ababengabacindezeli.
Akuqondiswe umlando, kuvunywe ukuthi yebo inkululeko yaba yisimanga noma umlingo, uma ubuka indlela izinto ezazilukhuni ngayo, ubude besikhathi aboHlanga becindezelwe nomonakalo owasewenzekile kodwa eyokuthi akuchithekanga gazi yilumbo.
Isikweletu sesixoliso
Ngisho ungahloniza kanjani kepha yinto eyaziwayo ukuthi inhlupheko nokusokola okuye kwahaqa indlu emnyama umsuka wakho kwaba ngabamhlophe nezinhlelo zabo ezaholela ekushabalaliseni isikompilo labantu nokubaqeda isithunzi. Uma uzobuka imithetho eyaphasiswa kuvele kucace ukuthi kwabanohlelo olwabunjwa ngochwepheshe, izinjulabuchopho nosomaqhinga babo abamhlophe ukusungula inhlalo ezweni ezokwenza aboHlanga kubesengathi kabekho noma abalutho futhi abafanelwe lutho oluhle.
Uma inkululeko nokubuyisana kungokweqiniso, abamhlophe laba esihlezi nabo noHulumeni ababebaseka kwakufanele baxolise ngokwenzeka ukuze nathi selapheke emiphefumulweni sibone ukuthi impela bayazisola. Kepha uma ubuka okwenzekayo, kubukeka sengathi abamhlophe kabazi noma kabavumi ukuthi bona.
Yebo emuva kowe-1994 kwaqalwa uchungechunge lwezigcawu ezazibizwa njengezokuhlanza amaqiniso ukuze kuxolelwane noma kubuyiswane, okuwumsebenzi owawenganyelwe iKhomishini Yamaqiniso Nokubuyisana. Lesi sinyathelo sokubuyisana sasidingekile futhi sifanelekile. Kodwa kukhona uvo oluthi indlela lolu hlelo olwasingathwa ngayo kwabakhona ukunyanyalata. Kwaba nokugqama kwenswebu kama”khombomunye esweni, omunye evikela iso lakhe”. Kulezi zigcawu akungenwanga kwajulwa kumonakalo nobuhlungu obenzeka. Kwathi zibekwa nje kwavele kwagxilwa ezigamekweni ikakhulukazi udlame lwezombusazwe okuthinta isikhathi emuva kokuqala kokuphatha kukaHulumeni wamaBhunu.
Izehlo nezigigaba zaphambilini nasemuva kokuthi abamhlophe bakhe abakubiza ngobumbano olwalungolwabo bodwa ngonyaka we-1912 kwangangenwa kuzona. Angithi emuva kwalolu hlelo lobunye lwabamhlophe kwabe sekushaywa imithetho ikakhulu iNative Land Act eyaba yisisekelo sikakhukhulelangoqo womkhankaso owabe sewulandela owokuphuca abayiminsinsi yokuzimilela umhlaba bexoshwa ngesihluku nesankahlu kusetshenziswa abakwasidlodlo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kwabe sekuqala isimo sempatho lapho abengabadi bazithola sebeyizigqila zedlanzana. Ngenkathi bephucwa umhlaba abantu kwahlaphazeka nendlela abebephila ngayo ngoba balahlekelwa ngokuningi okubalwa amasimu, amadlelo, imfuyo, isithunzi, kwahlakazeka imindeni nemiphakathi, abanye bafa, kwesinye isikhathi kwanyakaziswa ngisho abalele, kucekelwa phansi ngisho amathuna. Ababengabaphehli balolu khuvethe kwakungabamhlophe ngokwahlukana kwabo ngokwamazwe ababevela kuwona kodwa obhongoza abakhulu kwakungamaBhunu namaNgisi.
Uma usubheka uyabona ukuthi kwenziwa ngabomu lokhu njengoba phela imvama yalezi zigcawu kwakubikwa ngayo nakumathelevishini, umhlaba wonke wawuzozwa ngemikhuba namahlazo ezenzo zobugqila okwakwenziwa ngababemele futhi besuka emazweni athathwa njengaphucuzekile namnkantshubomvu kwezamalungelo esintu nentando yeningi.
Abengabadi bakweletwa isixoliso ngayoyonke le mikhuba eyagilwa kubo kusetshenziswa ubuhulumeni obabungenabulungiswa.
Isikweletu senhlambuluko
Kuhle sikhumbuzane sivume neqiniso lokuthi ngenxa yomoya wamabomu wokuxova kanye nesimo sepolitiki, kunomonakalo omkhulu othinta ukuhlukumezana, ukulimazana, ukubulalana abenzi balokho okwakungaboHlanga. Okunye kwakho kwakugovuzwa ngabomu ukuze sigcine sesidideka silwe sodwa kodwa kukhona nalokhu engeke sikubalekele lapho kwasekungene isihlava sokonakala, umona, amanga nobugebengu, lapho obekuvele kubhecwane kusolwane kuthi osenindiwe bese eba yisisulu ahlaselwe, ashiselwe impahla yakhe abanye balahlekelwa yimpilo yabo. Kunamhlanje kukhona abangaziwa ukuthi baphelelaphi. Ayikwazanga ukungena kuzokonke lezi zimo iKhomishini futhi noma yayingakwenza lokho kwakuyobe kungezukwenela ukudala uxolo lweqiniso.
Inqubo yezigcawu zeKhomishini yayinokuba nesikombumbulu okungeyilo elabamnyama. Thina bantu sinohlelo olujulile lokubuyisana esiye silwenze uma sonene olubizwa ngenhlambuluko.
Lujulile lolu hlelo futhi lunobuhlungu lapho ongumoni ezivumela edalula ukona kwakhe nowoniwe azithole eshaqeka ezwa okushiwo yilowo ohlambulukayo ezicelela ukuxolelwa. Kusuke kunzima kohlambulukayo ezibhula ezethula umthwalo ngokuveza evuma amahlazo. Kusuke futhi kunzima kakhulu kulowo owenzakaliswa noma ongumoniwa ngoba enhlambulukweni kudinga nomoniwa amukele bese exola noma axolele lowo obehlambuluka. Okunye ukuthi into eyenzeke nekhulunywe kungomboco yenhlambuluko igcinela lapho ayithiwa vu. Uma-ke ubuka lokho okwenzeka ngesikhathi sezigcawu zeKhomishini uyaqaphela ukungafani kwalezi zinto zombili.
AboHlanga nabo bakweletana ukubuyisana ngokweqiniso okuyokwenzeka ngokuthi babe nenhlambuluko abayophuma kuyona beqinile sekuwohloke onke amathunzi, amabibi awumthwalo abaphila behamba nakho. Le nhlambuluko idingeka emazingeni ahlukene ebuholini, emiphakathini nasemindenini.
Indlu emnyama ayihlezi ngokunethezeka mihla le sibona izigameko lapho thina esakhululwa ngowe-1994 sehla senyuka, sidiniwe, sibhubhisa lokho okuzosiza thina, sizwa imibiko ngamachilo anhlobonhlobo ezinto ezenzekayo ezweni nasemiphakathini okushayisa uvalo kushiye umuntu nemibuzo yokuthi kazi konakelephi?
Ukwentuleka kwabavikeli beqiniso
Isisekelo esimqoka ekuqinisekiseni ubukhona bobulungiswa ukuze kube nozinzo nenhlalakahle, ukuvikelwa nokumelwa kweqiniso.
Kunenkinga yokuthi phakathi kwethu kunokwentuleka kwabamela iqiniso noma sekunjani. Ngenxa yalesi simo sinezinxushunxushu nemibango ehlukene emindenini, emiphakathini, ebukhosini bezizwe nasemabandleni. Le mibango isonga ukudala inhlukano emindenini, emiphakathini, ezizweni futhi inengozi yokuthi kuchitheke igazi kubhubhe abantu. Imvamisa umsuka wezinxushunxushu nemibango kudalwa ukugudluka eqinisweni kwabathile bese kwentuleka ukungenelela kwabafanele ukuvikela iqiniso. Imibango nezinxushunxushu kuze kwedluliselwe ezinkantolo. Umbuzo okumele ubuzwe ngothi ngabe phambilini lwalungekho yini uhlelo nenqubo yokuxazulula nokulamula ezimweni lapho kunemibango noma ukungavumelani khona? Ngabe siyisizwe esipheleleyo kodwa uma phakathi kwethu bengasekho abangabavikeli nabamela iqiniso kumnyama kubovu. Isizwe sikhulu nomphakathi nabantu sebebaningi, izinkantolo zincane kabi ukuthi kohlale kushiywa kuzona ukuthi zixazulule imibango yemindeni, yemiphakathi, eyamabandla amasonto neyoBukhosi bezizwe. Ukwantuleka kwalabo abangabavikeli nabamela iqiniso kuwubuthakathaka obuyingozi obuvele sebenza abantu bangalawuleki ngoba abasathembi lutho futhi namuntu. Futhi kuzosixabanisa namathongo esizwe noMvelinqangi imbala. Akekubuyelwe eqinisweni kushiwo okufanele ukuba kushiwo futhi kwenziwe okumele ukuba kwenziwe. Kulicala ukuba uthi usendaweni ebikunika ithuba namandla okuba umele iqiniso kepha wena ungakwezi lokho.
Akekubuyelwe eqinisweni kushiwo okufanele ukuba kushiwo futhi kwenziwe okumele ukuba kwenziwe