Inselelo yamanje entsheni ububha nemisebenzi
Ingqinamba ababhekana nayo ukuthola amathuba omsebenzi nokukwazi ukuziqasha uma sebeqede imfundo ephakeme
Izinombolo ziyaqinisekisa ukuthi umphakathi waseNingizimu Afrika ugcwele intsha. Ngowezi-2016 abantu intsha ibilinganiselwa ukuthi ingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20, beyizi-20 142 008 ezifundazweni zaseNinguzimu Afrika ihlangene. Kuyakhuthaza ukuthi iningi labantu abasha ezifundazweni baqedile ukufunda emazingeni aphansi. Ngowezi-2016, bebelinganiselwa ezi-14 760 136 abaphothule imfundo yezinga eliphansana, iningi labo basezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme abanye bayasebenza, baqhubeka nokufuna izikhala zokufunda futhi befuna nomsebenzi ngokwemininingwane ekhishwe iStatistics South Africa. Banenselelo yokungena ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme futhi baphumelele noma uma beqeda ukufunda bathole amathuba omsebenzi bakwazi nokuziqasha bona iningi labo.
Intsha yangowe-1940 okubalwa kuyo uMnu uNelson Mandela, uMnu uWalter Sisulu, uMnu u-Anton Lembede, uMnu uSmangaliso Sobukwe, iNkosi uMangosuthu Buthelezi nabanye noma babebhekene nalezi zinselelo, babebhekene neyobandlululo, ukungalingani nokuqonelwa kwamazwe ngabasentshonalanga. Laba baholi bentsha yaleso sikhathi basungula izinhlangano kumbe izakhiwo zentsha ukubhekana nezinselelo zangaleso sikhathi.
Isizukulwana sangowe-1976, okubalwa kuso uMnu uMbuyisa Makhubo, uMnu uHector Peterson, uMnu uSteve Biko, uMnu uMuntu Myeza, uMnu uMosibudi Mangena nabanye, esikhumbula amagalelo aso emfundweni egqamisa ukukhululeka futhi engancikile ezimfundisweni zasentshonalanga, ukukhululeka kwezomnotho osekuwumbhidlango wanamuhla, baqhubeka nomzabalazo owawuqale ngeminyaka yowe-1940 kuya kweye-1980. Ikhomishini Yentsha
UHulumeni wentando yeningi walalela izikhalo zentsha yaphambilini. UMnu uMandela engena embusweni ngowe-1996, washaya umthetho owasungula iKhomishini Yentsha owaholela ekusungulweni kweKhomishini Yentsha, eyayakhiwe yintsha eyayingamashoshozela ezinhlanganweni zezombusazwe nezinye. Abeza emva kwakhe, okubalwa kubo uMnu uThabo Mbeki, wasungula izakhiwo ezazizobhekana nezinselelo zentsha esukela eminyakeni eli-16 kuya kwengama-35, ngokubalula koMthetho weKhomishini Yentsha.
Izakhiwo ezigqamile uMsobomvu, isikhwama esasungulelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwentsha. Sahlahla indlela yokuthuthuka kwezomnotho ikakhulukazi ixhasa izinkampani ezisungulwe nezinganyelwe yintsha nabesifazane ekusunguleni ubuchwepheshe banamuhla. UMalose Kekana okwakunguyena owayeyiNhloko Ephezulu kuMsobomvu, wayebika kuMengameli wezwe ngenani lezinkampani ezixhaswe yilolu phiko futhi njalo ngonyaka uMengameli wayebikela isizwe nePhalamende ngenqubekela phambili eyenziwa yilesi sikhwama nezakhiwo ezifana neKhomishini Yentsha asezifundazweni oNdunankulu babenza okufanayo. UMkhandlu Wentsha
Izakhiwo zentsha eyayivela ezinhlanganweni zombusazwe, amasiko, ezenkolo, ezemvelo neminye imikhakha ngowe-1996, zasungula uMkhandlu Wentsha kuzwelonke nasezifundazweni. Lo Mkhandlu ozimele, wawuhlola ukuthi imigomo yokuthuthukiswa kwentsha iyalandelwa yini yizakhiwo zikaHulumeni nokuthi umngomo wentsha wezi-2000, wezi-2009, wezi-2013 neminye nowanamhlanje uyalandelwa yizakhiwo neminyango kaHulumeni. Wawumela intsha kuzakhiwo ezifana nomkhandlu kazwelonke nezifundazwe wokubhekana nenselelo yengculazi.
Uma kuba nomhlangano wamazwe ayeqonelwe umbuso wamaNgisi ngowe-1999, lo Mkhandlu neKhomishini Yentsha, babegqugquzela ukuthi intsha ibambe iqhaza kulo mhlangano. Nasemihlanganweni yeNhlangano Yezizwe, okubalwa owokulwisana nobandlululo, nowezemvelo, owaduma ngeWSSD, iKhomishana Yentsha noMkhandlu Wentsha babesebenza ngokubanbisana. UHlaka Lokuthuthukisa Intsha Lukazwelonke
Ngesikhathi sikaMengameli uJacob Zuma, kwasungulwa iNational Youth Development Agency (NYDA) eyayiholwa uSihlalo wombutho wentsha yamaKhomanisi, uYershen Pillay no-Andile Lungisa owake waba yiPhini likaMengameli wombutho wetsha kaKhongolose. Yayiqhubeka lapho kugcine khona izakhiwo ezifana neKhomishini Yentsha noMsobomvu. Okugqame kakhulu ngesikhathi sikaZuma, ukuqokwa kwabaphathi bentsha emazingeni kaHulumeni Bendawo nokwePhini likaNgqongqoshe obhekele izindaba zentsha, abesifazane nabakhubazekile ehhovisini lakhe. Inselelo yobubha nokungatholi amathuba omsebenzi
Izinselelo ezibhekeni nentsha ezifaka ukungabikho kwamathuba omsebenzi zibukela phansi wonke lo msebenzi owenziwe uHulumeni wentando yeningi. Inselelo enkulu ukungabinalo ulwazi ngamathuba omsebenzi entsheni, esiba sibi uma kunenzikamnotho. Ekudalweni kwamathuba omsebenzi entsheni, kubalwa ukuthi banikezwe imali yokugibela uma beya kofuna umsebenzi njengoba kuxhaswa abakhahlamezwe ukhuvethe, ukwentuleka kwamakhono nemfundo edingekayo emikhakheni eyahlukene neminyaka edingwa abaqashi ukuthi uyisebenze kwenye indawo ngaphambi kokuthi uqashwe.
Kusungulwe izikhungo ezilekelela abafuna umsebenzi, inselelo ukuthi kuyakhokhwa uma ufuna ukulekelelwa ngokutholelwa umsebenzi isikhungo esizimele. Abenza izicelo zomsebensi abasazithumeli ngeposi, sekufanele bazi ubuchwepheshe banamuhla ukukwenza lokhu. Kuyakhuthaza ukuthi imfundo ephakeme isitholakala kalula ngisho nakwabamnyama, miningi nemifundaze ekhishwa uHulumeni kubafundi abadla imbuya ngothi, ukulekelela ezikhungweni eziphakeme. Imfundo ephakeme itholakala kalula futhi ixhasiwe njengoba intsha yangowe-1980 nangowezi-2015 ibikulwela lokho. Inselelo yobubha ibonakala kakhulu kulabo abaphila negciwane lengculazi nesandulela sayo. Namhlanje intsha ibhekene nenseleko yokuzigcina ihlanzekile, igeze izandla njalo, iqhele kwabanye uma iphoqeleka ukuba ibe semphakathini ukuvikeleka ukutheleleka ngokhuvethe.
Noma lokhu kungabhekene nentsha yodwa kodwa kuyancinza kuyo, uma izikole ebezivaliwe zisanda kuvulwa amabanga ambalwa, izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme nazo zisavulelwe abayisigejana esingamashumi amathathu ekhulwini futhi baseqhulwini labaphelelwa umsebenzi njengoba umnotho ukhinyabezwe ukhuvethe. Zonke lezi zinselelo zithinta ababalelwa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingamashumi amabili uma sisebenzisa izibalo zeStatistics SA zangowezi-2016, inkomba enkulu ukuthi ikusasa liluvindi eNingizimu Afrika.
UDokotela Simphiwe Nojiyeza, Inhloko Yomnyango we Anthropology neDevelopment Studies e-University of Zululand
Zonke lezi zinselelo zithinta ababalelwa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingamashumi amabili uma sisebenzisa izibalo zeStatistics SA zangowezi-2016, inkomba enkulu ukuthi ikusasa liluvindi eNingizimu Afrika.