INPA iqinisekisa ubulungiswa kubagilwa
ENingizimu Afrika kunohlaka olulawulwa uMthethosisekelo wezwe olubhekele ukushushisa, iNational Prosecuting Authority (NPA). Umsebenzi weNPA eholwa ngu-Advocate uShamila Batohi ukuqinisekisa ubulungiswa kuzisulu zobugebengu ngokushushisa ngaphandle kokwesaba nokwenzelela nokusebenzisana nezinye izinhlaka nomphakathi ukuxazulula nokugwema amacala.
INPA inamandla okubeka, ukuchitha nokulalela amacala imele uHulumeni. Ibika ePhalamende nakuba isinqumo sokugcina sokushushisa silele kuNgqongqoshe Wezobulungisa Nokuhlumeleliswa Kwezimilo.
Kuzwelonke iNPA iholwa uMqondisi Wezokushushiswa Komphakathi oqokwa uMengameli wezwe ukuba aphathe lesi sikhundla iminyaka elishumi.
UMqondisi Wezokushishisa usizwa yiSikhulu Esiphezulu namasekela amane. Kuzo zonke iZinkantolo Ezinkulu eNingizimu Afrika kuba noMqondisi obhekele ezokushushisa kuleyo ndawo engaphansi kwaleyo nkantolo. Okunye ukwesekwa ukuthola kuBaqondisi Abayisipesheli Nabaqondisi Babaphenyi.
INPA yakhiwe yilezi zinhlaka: INational Prosecution Service (NPS) ehlanganisa amaHhovisi Abaqondisi umsebenzi wawo okuwukubheka ukusebenza kwansukuzonke kwezokushushisa. Abameli boMbuso abaseHhovisi loMqondisi bashushisa amacala aseZinkantolo Ezinkulu kuthi abashushisi abaseZinkantolo ZeziMantshi babhekane namacala eziNkantolo Ezincane.
IDirectorate of Special Operations (DSO) eyayaziwa ngokuthi iScorpions eyasungulwa lulunye kuMandulo ngowe-1999 ukulwa nobugebengu obuhleliwe eNingizikmu Afrika. Lolu phiko lwahlakazwa ngoNtulikazi wezi2009 kwathi amandla okuphenya adluliselwa emaphoyiseni, iSouth African Police Service (SAPS). Ngonyaka odlule kube sekusungulwa uphiko lwabaphenyi i-Investigative Directorate oluholwa u-Advocate uHermione Cronje. Abanye lolu phiko balubiza ngokuthi iNew Scorpions.
I-Asset Forfeiture Unit (AFU) eyasungulwa ngoNhlaba we-1999 ukuqhuba ezinye zezigaba zomthetho iPrevention of Organised Crime Act ukuze kudliwe impahla yabenzi bamacala. Uma impahla isidliwe, iyagcinwa bese isetshenziselwa ukunxephezela umgilwa ecaleni noma ukusiza izinhlaka zomthetho.
ISexual Offences and Community Affairs (SOCA) yasungulwa ngoMfumfu we-1999 ukulwa namacala odlame olubhekiswe kwabesifazane nezingane. Lolu phiko lwakhiwe yiSexual Offences, iDomestic Violence, iMaintenance neChild Justice.
ISpecialised Commercial Crime Unit (SCCU) yakhelwa ukubhekana namacala athinta imali njengokukhwabanisa.
IWitness Protection Unit (WPU) esiza ofakazi abasatshiswayo nabasengozini nabanye ngesikhathi kusaqulwa icala. Lolu phiko luyawelekelela luphinde lusebenzisane namanye amazwe, ezinye izigcwawu eziqula amacala nezinkantolo eziyizipesheli maqonda nokuvikelwa kofakazi. Ngokomthetho iWitness Protection Act, imisebenzi yalolu phiko kumele ihlale iyimfihlo.
IPriority Crimes Litigation Unit (PCLU) yasungulwa ngokweHhovisi likaMengameli wezwe zingama-23 kuNdasa wezi-2003 yanikwa umsebenzi wokuphenya nokushushisa amacala asukela emthethweni iRoman Statute, awoMbuso afaka ubushokobezi ezweni nangaphandle, izindaba ezisukela kuKhomishini Yamaqiniso (Truth and Reconciliation Commission), ukwephulwa kweRegulation of Foreign Military Assistance Act, iNon-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction Act, iNational Conventional Arms Control Act, iNuclear Energy Act ne-Intelligence Services Act.
I-Integrity Management Unit (IMU) inikwe umsebenzi wokuqapha nokugcina isithunzi seNPA nokwengamela izindlela zokuphendula lapho isithunzi sale nhlangano sibekeke engcupheni.
ICorporate Services (CS) ihlinzeka ngosizo izinhlaka ezisebenzisana neNPA.
Ukugxambukela kwepolitiki
Izinguquko esezike zenzeka ebuholini beNPA zikhonjwa ekugxambukeleni kosopolitiki njengoba ngoNtulikazi wangowezi-2014 owayenguMshushisi walolu phiko u-Adv Glynnis Breytenbach futhi oyilungu elimele iDemocratic Alliance (DA) ePhalamende, athi kumele kuqedwe lokhu athi sekubeke engcupheni isithunzi seNPA.
UMqondisi wokuqala weNPA uBulelani Ngcuka, owayeqokwe ngowe-1998 wesula kulesi sikhundla ngowezi-2004. Walandelwa uVusi Pikoli ngowezi-2005 kuya kowezi-2007 owamiswa ngowayenguMengameli wezwe uMnu uThabo Mbeki. Lokhu kwakulandela ukuthi iNPA ikhiphe incwadi yokuboshwa kowayenguKhomishana Wamaphoyisa uJackie Selebi ngowezi-2007. Kusolwa ukuthi uMbeki wamisa uPikoli ngoba ubudlelwano babo nowayenguNgqongqoshe Wezobulungiswa uNkk uBrigitte Mabandla base bungeke busalungiseka.
Kuthiwa uMbeki wayesola uPikoli ngokuzama ukuvikela uSelebi. Sekuwumlando ukuthi uSelebi ongasekho emhlabeni wagcina eshushisiwe wagqunywa ejele. Emuva kokumiswa kukaPikoli, uMbeki waqoka iKhomishini Yophenyo eyayiholwa uDkt uFrene Ginwala ukubheka ukuthi uPikoli ukulungele yini ukuba uMqondisi Wezokushushisa. Le Khomishini yenza izincomo eziningi ezihlanganisa ukuthi uPikoli abuyiselwe esikhundleni sakhe bese kuqiniswa ukuqonda kwakhe ezokuphepha ihhovisi lakhe elalisebenza ngakho. Phezu kwalezi zincomo, uPikoli wasuswa kuleli hhovisi ngowayenguMengameli uMnu uKgalema Motlanthe ngoZibandlela wezi-2008. UMotlanthe wavinjwa yinkantolo ukuqoka uMqondisi omusha kuze kube kulungiswa ezomthetho mayelana nokuxoshwa kukaPikoli.
UPikoli walandelwa u-Adv uMokotedi Mpshe owayebambile, kwalandela u-Adv uMenzi Simelane (2009 – 2012), u-Adv uNomgcobo Jiba njengebamba kwathi lulunye kuMfumfu wezi-2013 kwaqokwa u-Adv uMxolisi Nxasana naye ongahlalanga njengoba zingama-31 kuNhlaba wezi-2015 amemezela ukuthi uyashiya emuva kokuba owayesenguMengameli wezwe uMnu uJacob Zuma ngowezi-2014 amemezela uphenyo olwaluzobheka ukuthi ukulungele yini ukuphatha lesi sikhundla. Nakuba lolu phenyo lwamiswa mhla zili-11 kuNhlaba wezi-2015, uNxasana washiya wabe esekhokhelwa imali eyayisele kunkontileka yakhe yeminyaka eyishumi elinganiselwa ezigidini ezili-17 zamarandi.
Mhla zili-18 kuNhlangulana wezi-2015, uZuma waqoka u-Adv uShaun Abrahams njengoMqondisi Wezokushushisa. NgoNcwaba wezi2018 iNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo yakubeka eceleni ukunqanyulwa kwenkontileka kaNxasana okwenza ukuqokwa kuka-Abrahams kungabi semthethweni yayalela uMengameli uCyril Ramaphosa ukuba aqoke uMqondisi omusha zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-90. URamaphosa ube eseqoka u-Adv uShamila Batohi ngoZibandlela wezi-2018 oqale ukusebenza lulunye kuNhlolanja ngonyaka odlule.
- nguSabelo Mbatha