Ubhubhane luvundise inkohlakalo nobudedengu
Kuyishwa elikhulu ezweni lakithi ukuthi ubhubhane ukhuvethe luvundise inkohlakalo nobudedengu ezisebenzini nasezikhulwini eziphatha imali nezinsizakalo ezahlukene ngalesi sikhathi sobhubhane. Ngikhuluma ngezehlo ezaziwayo osekubikiwe ngazo ezenzeka ngesikhathi esibucayi esiwukufa nokuphila kithina sonke.
Singaqonde kushaya umhlahlo, kucacela nekhasela eziko ingane ukuthi bukhulu ubudedengu okanye inkohlakalo okube nomphumela wokukhokhelwa komuntu oyedwa izigidi ezi-R 5,7 zemali ye-Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF) ehlinzekelwe ukuthi kusizakale izisebenzi ngesikhathi semvalelwakhaya. Noma ngabe lingabakhona nephutha lobuchwepheshe bamakhompyutha, nalo kusakhomba bona ubudedengu.
Angeke saphika futhi ukuthi akusona sodwa lesi sehlo zikhona nezinye ezingavumbululiwe okunomthelela wokuphela kwalesi sikhwama seTemporary Employer/employee Relief Scheme (TERS) yokusizakala ngesikhathi sobhubhane. Kuyiqiniso okufanele sikubonge ukuthi muningi umphakathi osizakele ngalesi sikhawama kodwa ubuzoba muningi ngokwedlulele ukuba awukho umdlavuza wenkohlakalo nobudedengu ekuphatheni lo msebenzi obaluleke kangaka.
Sizwile futhi ngamaphoyisa aboshelwa ukungaziphathi ngokwethembeka ekubopheni abadayisa ugwayi okuvaliwe ngokomthetho olawula ukubhebhetheka kobhubhane. Lezi zibonelo zombili zitshengisa ukuvunda kwenkohlakalo nobudedengu ezisebenzini nasezikhulwini ezethenjwe ngomsebenzi obalulekile ngesikhathi sobhubhane.
Siyazi ukuthi ibivele iyisifo sezwe lethu inkohlakalo nokukhwabanisa kodwa ngezindlela eziningi ubhubhane luyivundisile. ElaboHlanga lomhla zi-3/9 kuNtulikazi labhala ngombiko kaMcwaningimabhuku uMnu uMakwetu eneka lesi simo koHulumeni bezindawo. Sizwile nangenkohlakalo ebikwe ekuthengweni kwezingubo zokuhlinzeka ngesikhathi sokhuvethe abahlala emgwaqeni okwenziwe zisebenzi eziqondene nalokhu.
Kowanamuhla sikhuza, sibheke ngeso lomthetho inkohlakalo, ukukhwabanisa nobudedengu ezisebenzini ezisingatha izimali nezinye izinsizakalo zomphakathi. Ukuboshwa nokuxoshwa kuphela okuba umphumela wale mikhuba koqashiwe. Okubi kakhulu ukungcoliseka kwegama lesigilamkhuba, okuba umsanka olandela umuntu noma kuphi lapho okufanele aqashwe khona noma anikwe umsebenzi wokwethembeka.
Ukwethembeka nokwethembana kuwumongo wokuqashwa kwazo zonke izisebenzi nabaqashi emazingeni nasezikhundleni ezahlukene. Sekugcizelelwe kaningi emacaleni ahlukene aphathelene nezenzo ezahlukene eziphelela ezinkantolo nasezinkundleni zamacala ezezisebenzi. Ezikhathini eziningi ubudedengu buyaye buncike kakhulu ezenzweni zokungathembeki kuze kubelukhuni ukukwehlukanisa lokhu kokubili. Okokuqala siqwashisa ukuthi ubudedengu obedlulele buyaxoshisa emsebenzini.
Ake sichaze ukuthi buyini ubudedengu emsebenzini. Buyisenzo lapho umqashwa ehlulekile ukuqikelela obekulindelekile kuye ngokomsebenzi wakhe nangokwezinga lomuntu oseqophelweni lakhe, okuyisenzo esidalele ukulahlekelwa noma ebesingaholela ekulahlekelweni komqashi. Izibonelo yilapho obethenjwe ngokuphepha enza ubudedengu obuholele ekulimaleni kwakhe noma kwabanye abaqashwa noma kwempahla yomqashi okanye yabanye ozakwabo bomqashwa noma okuholela ekuthunazeni kwesithunzi negama lomqashi.
Yasikhumbuza ngalo mthetho iNkantolo Yezabasebenzi Yokwedlulisela Amacala ngenkathi ikhipha isinqumo somhla zili-15 kuNcwaba kowezi-2019 ecaleni le-EOH Abantu (Pty) Ltd vs CCMA & Others unombolo JA4/18. Umqashwa wayesesikhundleni sokwethenjwa engamele ulwazi nobuchwepheshe okuyimfihlo ebhange. Wabe esedlulisela lolo lwazi entombini yakhe ngaphandle kwemvume nolwazi lomqashi.
Wabe esexoshelwa amacala okweba, inkohlakalo, ukungathembeki nokwedlulisa ulwazi ngaphandle kwemvume nolwazi lomqashi. Kodwa isigcawu sokuqondisa ubugwegwe samthola enecala lobudedengu obedlulele ngesenzo sakhe waxoshelwa lokho.
INkantolo Ephakeme yachaza ubudedengu njengoba sibuchazile ngenhla, yase igcizelela ukuthi buyisenzo esingebekezeleleke ngenxa yokwethenjwa kwakhe umqashwa uma sekubhekwa ulwazi nesikhundla sakhe sobuduna emsebenzini. Lo mqashwa wayethenjwe ngolwazi olubucayi ayesebenza ngalo nsuku zonke. Ukunganaki nokungaqikeleli kwakhe ukuthi wedlulisa luphi ulwazi kwalimaza kakhulu isithunzi sokwethenjwa somqashi emakhasimendeni akhe. Ngakho-ke iNkantolo yanquma ukuthi ukuxoshwa kumfanele umqashwa, yaziguqula izinqumo zikaKhomishana neseNkantolo Yezabasebenzi.
Njengoba sesishilo ngenhla, ubudedengu buyaye buncike kakhulu ezenzweni zokungathembeki, kuze kube lukhuni ukukwehlukanisa lokhu kokubili. Kodwa, yize zisondelene kakhulu lezi zenzo, izijeziso zalokhu kona kokubili kazifanani. Esokungathembeki isijeziso kasibinaye ushwele ngokwejwayelekile futhi siba ukuxoshwa ngoba ukungathembeki kuqeda umnyombo wobudlelwano bomqashi nomqashwa. Okuvelayo kula macala ukuthi umthetho ubeka ukwethembeka ekuqashweni ngaphezulu kwesikhathi esesisetshenziwe nangaphezulu kwazo zonke ezinye izimo ezishwelezela ukona kwamanye amacala. Ukuthi ususebenze isikhathi eside akukusizi uma usubanjelwe ukungathembeki. Nokuthi awunachashaza lamanye amacala nakho kuba nhlanga zimuka nomoya.
Yisinqumo seNkantolo Yezabasebenzi Yokwedlulisela Amacala odabeni lweNedcor Bank Ltd v Frank (2002)23 ILJ 1243(LAC) esakubeka kwacaca lokhu esikhuluma ngakho. Lapha kwanqunywa ukuthi ukungathembeki kusho ukuphelelwa unembeza nokuba nobuqili ikakhulukazi benhloso yokweba, ukuphambanisa, ukukhohlisa noma ukukhwabanisa. Lapha iNkantolo yagcizelela ukuthi makube nehloso yokungathembeki, kucace ebufakazini ukuthi nembala umuntu ubehlose lokhu kungathembeki okubaliwe.
Umthetho uthi uhlobo lomsebenzi nebhizinisi lomqashi kulawula kakhulu isijeziso sokungathembeki. Uma umsebenzi nebhizinisi komqashi kunesisekelo sokwethenjwa emphakathini nasemakhasimendeni, kufanele ziqine izijeziso zokungathembeki kwezisebenzi. Isibonelo ngesamabhange lapho iNkantolo yachaza ukuthi konke okwenzeka khona makube msulwa kungabi nachashaza lokungathembeki. Isibonelo ngesecala leStandard Bank v CCMA & others (1998) 19 ILJ 903(LC).
NoHulumeni naye usebhizinisini lokwethenjwa umphakathi ongamakhasimende ubuye ubengumqashi wakhe uHulumeni. Kufanele ziqine izijeziso zezisebenzi zikaHulumeni ezinenkohlakalo, ukukhwabanisa nobudedengu obedlulele, ikakhulukazi ngalesi sikhathi sobhubhane. Ake kubuye kubuse unembeza kubafowethu nodadewethu abasebenza imisebenzi nabasezikhundleni wokwethembeka.