Kuphekwani kwangqondonkulu: Awaveli awaboHlanga ohlwini lomhlaba
Kulezi zinsuku ngibone uhlu lwamayunivesithi aseNingizimu Afrika impumelelo yawo ethathwa njengesezingeni lomhlaba. Lo mbiko wonyaka ophezulu ukhishwe yiShanghai Ranking Consultancy lapho uklelise amayunivesithi ayinkulungwane emva kocwaningo. Kulolu luhlu lwamayunivesithi omhlaba ayinkulungwane, ayisishiyagalolunye kuphela amayunivesithi aseNingizimu Afrika avelayo. Iyunivesithi esesicongweni yiHarvard.
INingizimu Afrika inamayunivesithi angama 26. Uma kubalwa ayisi-9 kuphela ezingeni lomhlaba ngabe kwenzekani kulawa ali-17. Iningi kulawa ayishumi nesikhombisa selibe khona iminyaka engaphezulu kwamashumi ayisihlanu eminyaka. Izinto ezibhekwayo kulolu cwaningo yizinto okumele zonke izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme zizenze. Umbuzo ongifikele ngothi, kazi kukhona yini okwenziwayo ngamayunivesithi angekho ezingeni lomhlaba? Kuyinto engawehlisa umdlandla ukwazi ukuthi isikhungo owafunda kuso asibalwa kulezo ezisemqoka.
Sikhule kuthiwa imfundo iyisikhali senkululeko. Lesi sisho sasibukeka siyiqiniso ngoba abafundile bebewabona futhi bewathola amathuba avumelana nemfundo yabo. Umuntu oke wangena kwangqondonkulu ubephuma ehlonishwa, kuvuleke iminyango lapho eqhamuka. Iyunivesithi ithathwa njengongqondonkulu, lapho lonke uhlobo locwaningo lwenziwa khona. Noma yiluphi ucwaningo luyahlonipheka ngoba kwaziwa ukuthi kwangqondonkulu kunezincithabuchopho zemikhakha eyahlukahlukene yempilo. Uma ngiyibheka iyunivesithi kumele ibe yisisekelo sempumelelo yezwe. Impumelelo yezesayensi, imikhiqizo emisha, ubunjiniyela nokunye okuwumgogodla womnotho kucutshungulwa ngochwepheshe abagogodile kulowo mkhakha ngaphambi kokuba kuqinisekiswe ukuthi sekungabekwa ezithebeni. Lokhu kuchaza ukubaluleka kwamayunivesithi empumelelweni yezwe.
Kunamayunivesithi amaningi kuleli lizwe muva nje asebizwa ngamayunivesithi ethekhnoloji. Ithekhnoloji yiyona ndlela okuphilwa ngayo ngaphansi koguquko lwesine lwezimboni, olubuye lubizwe nge 4th Industrial Revolution. La mayunivesithi abalulekile ukubhekana nezinselelo zamanje, phakathi kwazo okukhona ukuncipha kwemisebenzi, izifo ezingelapheki okungaxazululwa ngocwaningo olujulile kusetshenziswa ulwazi lwemfundo ephakeme. Ukusebenzisana ngokusondelana phakathi kubaholi bezimboni nabacwaningi kungasiza ukugqugquzela ukusungulwa kwezimboni ezintsha.
Kungaba kuhle uma kungase kube nesithangami kuleli zwe lapho abaholi bezemfundo nabamabhizinisi bezobheka khona ukuthi kubhekwephi. Kumele izakhamuzi zazi ukuthi eminyakeni emihlanu kusukela manje kuyokube kudingeka onjiniyela abangaki futhi bayodingeka kumiphi imikhakha. Lokhu kuyokwenza kube nokuncintisana ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme bayihlolisise into efundiswa emazingeni ehlukene futhi bazi ukuthi babhekwe ngabomvu ngabaholi bezimboni ezehlekahlukene. Okwamanje umfundi oqeda ibanga leshumi uyazihlwayela efuna into ayithandayo ukuze andise amathuba okuthi uma eqeda kwangqondonkulu ucilo asheshe azishaye endukwini.
Uma ngixoxa nabanye abafunda emayunivesithi eminyakeni engamashumi ambalwa eyedlule kunezinto abazikhumbulayo ezenzeka onyakeni wabo wokugcina eyunivesithi. Abaningi bakhumbula ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba babhale izivivinyo zokugcina eyunivesithi kwafika izikhulu zezinkampani zabahlola bathi beya kobhala izivivinyo base belindele impendulo yokuthi bayaqashwa yini. Ngokunjalo nalabo ababenza izifundo zokuba ngothisha babethi bephuma babe sebenayo imisebenzi. Umbuzo abawubuzayo ngothi ngabe inkinga ikuphi. Inkinga yokuqala isekutheni abasemayunivesithi abanalo ulwazi lokuthi izimboni zidinga hlobo luni lwabantu. Ngokunjalo nabanikazi bezimboni abanayo indlela yokutshela izikhungo zemfundo ukuthi zigxile kuluphi uhlobo lolwazi oludingwa yizimboni.
Abaningi boHlanga bayabuza bathi kanti sasilwelani uma kuzokuthi noma sesisethubeni lokuzikhulula kungabonakali mehluko? Imfundo iyimfundo yani uma ingenawo amandla okukhulula umuntu ebuphofini? Imfundo iwusizo kuphi uma aboHlanga bengaqhathaniseki namanye amazwe?
Kwamanye amazwe kunokuqikekela ukuthi izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme zilandela futhi ziphakamise umgomo wokufukula lelo lizwe. Kukhulu ukuxhumana nokusebenzisana phakathi kwamabhizinisi nezikhungo zemfundo ephakeme. Kwamanye amazwe ziyaziwa izinhlelo eziyingxenye yomgomo wezwe, bese kuhlelwa Imfundo ihambisane nemigomo yezwe futhi inqunyelwe isikhathi ukuze umphumela wemfundo kube wukuthuthuka kwezwe.
Sikujwayele ukubuka irandi lingalingani nezimali zamanye amazwe, sibe nokumangala sigcine ngokufela phakathi ngokuthi irandi lishona livumbuluka libhekene nedola lase-USA noma neYuro. Emfundweni akumele sehlulwe unomphela ngoba lokho kusho ukwehlulwa nasezimbonini. Ukuthula kusho ukuyivuma induku yokwehlulwa ngamanye amazwe.
Imfundo yaziwa njengento esemqoka ekuguquleni isimo somnotho wezwe. Uma izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme zingakabi nezinhlelo ezixhumene nepolitiki yomnotho izwe alikazukuya phambili.
Asekuliphi izinga amayunivesithi ayengawaboHlanga bodwa. Kulawo ayisi-9 asohlwini lomhlaba akuveli neyodwa kulawo ayaziwa njengawaboHlanga bodwa.
Uma kubalwa ayishumi ahlonishwayo futhi aziwa njengaphezulu kuleli lizwe akuveli neyodwa yaboHlanga. Enye yalawo mayunivesithi yileyo esendaweni yakwaZulu oNgoye. Ngabe liyakhula noma liyehla izinga layo uma iqhathaniswa namanye omhlaba? Hlobo luni lwemfundo ephekwa kulezi zikhungo ezenza zingabalwa neziphezulu?