Inhlawulo yecala
Abaningi bakuthatha kalula ukukhokha inhlawulo yokuvuma icala ngoba basuke bebona ukuthi sebephunyukile emlonyeni wengwenya okuwukugqunywa ejele. Kepha lokhu kunemiphumela yakho. Thola konke ngaphakathi.
Kwezinye izimo umuntu angazithola esesolwa ngokwenza icala kutholakale ukuthi kulelo cala asolwa ngalo angakwazi ukuthi akhokhe inhlawulo yokulivuma ngaphandle kokuthi kuze kuyiwe enkantolo.
Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi umuntu akhokhe le nhlawulo kuhle ukuthi aqale aqonde ukuthi lokho kusho ukuthini nokuthi kunamiphi imiphumela.
Umthetho waseNingizimu Afrika uncike elungelweni elikuMthethosisekelo wezwe elithi wonke umuntu ongumsolwa ecaleni uthathwa njengomsulwa kuze kube kuyaqinisekiswa yinkantolo ukuthi nempela ulenzile icala.
Umsolwa angatholwa enecala yinkantolo emuva kokuqulwa kwecala kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi umsolwa angazivumela yena ukuthi ulenzile icala.
NgokweLegal Wise, inhlawulo yokuvuma icala inika umsolwa ithuba lokuvuma isono sakhe nokukhokha inhlawulo edingekayo.
Lokhu-ke kusho ukuthi uyafinyezwa umgudu wamacala obekufanele ulandelwe nokuthi kasisekho isidingo sokulalelwa kwecala obekungathatha isikhathi eside.
Kodwa-ke, omunye angayikhokha inhlawulo yokuvuma icala ebe engalenzanga icala asolwa ngalo aphaphame esebona imiphumela yakwenzile kamuva.
Ingakhokhwa nini inhlawulo yokuvuma icala?
Uma umsolwa engaboshwanga, anganikwa amasamanisi noma isaziso esibhalwe phansi. Kunamadokhumenti azisa umsolwa ngecala athweswa lona kanjalo nosuku, isikhathi nendawo okumele avele enkantolo yayo. Kujwayeleke ukuthi amasamanisi noma isaziso esibhaliwe sinike umsolwa nethuba lokukhokha inhlawulo yokuvuma icala.
Imvamisa isaziso esibhaliwe senziswa iphoyisa ngaphansi kweSigaba 56 seCriminal Procedure Act (CPA). Kuvame ukuthi lesi saziso sikhishwe emacaleni amancane lapho iphoyisa likholwa ukuthi umsolwa ngeke agwetshwe inhlawulo eyeqa ezi-R5 000. Isibonelo salokhu ukwephula imithetho yemvalelwakhaya ngesikhathi senhlekelele.
Inhlawulo yokuvuma icala ingakhokhwa ngaphambi kokuba umsolwa avele enkantolo ngakolunye uhlangathi inhlawulo ingashiwo noma ikhokhwe emveni kokuba umsolwa evele enkantolo kodwa lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba esewavumile amacala abekwe wona.
Le nhlawulo akumele iphanjaniswe nebheyili okuyimali ekhishwa ngokudedelwa esitokisini okwesikhashana komsolwa. Inhloso yayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsolwa uyafika enkantolo ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala lakhe.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke imigudu yecala isazoqhubeka nomsolwa kufanele avele enkantolo ukwethamela icala lakhe.
Iyini imiphumela yokukhokha le nhlawulo?
Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, inhlosongqangi ukuthi osolwayo avume ukuthi nempela ulenzile icala. ICriminal Procedure
Act ikubeka kucace ukuthi ukukhokha inhlawulo yokuvuma icala kuyefana nokugwetshwa yinkantolo.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi oyikhokhile uba nerekhodi lecala njengoba ligcinwa uMabhalane weNkantolo Yemantshi emabhukwini abavume amacala. Uma le nhlawulo ikhokhwe esiteshini samaphoyisa, ulwazi olufanele namadokhumenti kufanele kudluliselwe kumabhalane weNkantolo Yemantshi.
Idokhumenti eyaziwa ngokuthi iSAP69 izofaka uhlu lwezigwebo zokhokhe inhlawulo erekhodini lakhe lamacala. Ulwazi olukuSAP69 lozoxhunyaniswa nezigxivizo zeminwe zomsolwa kodwa izithupha azithathwa njalo uma kukhokhwa inhlawulo yokuvuma icala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka izigwebo zamacala amadala zingaveli kuSAP69.
Umabhalane wenkantolo kuba nguye okhipha isiqinisekiso esibhalwe phansi samcala angaveli kuSAP69.
Ikhona inhlawulo engaholeli erekhodini lecala?
Ukukhokha inhlawulo yokuvuma icala ngaphansi kweAdministrative Adjudication of Road Traffic Offences Act (AARTO) akuholeli ekutheni igama lalowo oyikhokhayo libe nerekhodi lecala. Uma isaziso (esiveza inhloso yokushushisa) sikhishwe ngaphansi kweSigaba 341 seCriminal Procedure Act, sizocacisa ukuthi lowo onikiwe kumele akhokhe esikhathini esiyizinsuku ezingama-30. Ngalesi sikhathi awekho amasamanisi asuke esekhishiwe noma usuku lokuvela enkantolo olusuke selunqunyiwe.
Osolwayo ukhokha inhlawulo ukuze angashushiswa futhi ukukhokha kwakhe ngeke kuholele ekutheni igama lakhe libe nerekhodi lecala.
Uma kubhekwa konke osekubaluliwe ngenhla, kusobala ukuthi isinqumo sokukhokha inhlawulo yokuvuma icala ngeke sathathwa kalula nje ikakhulukazi esimweni lapho osolwayo engalenzanga icala asolwa ngalo.
Kubalulekile ukucubungula idokhumenti umuntu ayinikwa abomthetho ukuthola ukuthi ikhishwe ngaphansi kwayiphi ingxenye yomthetho.
Izinqumo zezinkantolo zakamuva zikhomba ukuthi ukukhokhwa kwenhlawulo yokuvuma icala kungafakelwa inselelo yokubuyekezwa futhi kwezinye izikhathi kuchithwe, isibonelo, uma yakhokhwa umuntu engayiqondi imiphumela yakho.
Kodwa izinkantolo ziyobuka wonke amaqiniso ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokukuchitha.
Isibonelo salokhu siyavela esinqumweni seNkantolo Enkulu eWestern Cape ngowezi-2019 lapho uKhalil Karan wayekhuleka enkantolo ukuba ibuyekeze isinqumo sokukhokhiswa kwakhe inhalwulo yokuvuma icala. UKaran wayeboshwe ngecala lokutholakala nezinhlanzi zohlobo lwe-abalone ezili-192 engayiphethe imvumo yokuba nazo okuwukwephula iSigaba 36(1)(b) seMarine Living Resources Act 18 yangowe-1998.
Wavela eNkantolo Yemantshi eStrand lapho anikwa khona ibheyili yezi-R3 000.
Umshushisi womphakathi wabe esekhipha isaziso ngaphansi kweSigaba 57A seCriminal Procedure Act lapho ayazisa umsolwa ukuthi angakhokha inhlawulo yokuvuma icala eyizi-R10 000. UKaran wayikhokha inhlawulo ngaphansi kweSigaba 57(6) seCPA.
Ngokwenqubo engaphansi kweSigaba 57(6) seCPA, isaziso seSisigaba 57A sabe sesidluliselwa kumabhalane wenkantolo ukuba igama likaKaran ebhukwini lamarekhodi amacala okuvuma icala ekubeni kwakufanele agwetshwe ngaphansi kweSigaba 57(7) seCPA esinika imantshi amandla okucubungula isigwebo esikhishwe ngendlela yokuvuma icala. Idokhumenti yecala yabe isibekwa phambi kwemantshi eyathi ngokubheka isisindo secala, inhlawulo yokuvuma icala eyayibekwe umshushisi womphakathi ayihambisani nobulungiswa. Yabe isisichitha isigwebo yayalela ukuba umsolwa ashushiswe ngendlela ejwayelekile.
Kodwa umshushisi womphakathi wakuphikisa ukuthi imantshi inalo igunya lokuchitha isigwebo wathi uyena owayenamandla okukhipha isamba senhlawulo kuleli cala. Umshushisi wabe esecela ukuthi imantshi yethule isinqumo sayo eNkantolo Enkulu ngokweSigaba 57(7) ukuba sicutshungulwe ngokukhethekile ngaphansi kweSigaba 304(4) seCPA.
UMehluleli weNkantolo Enkulu uDavis, ngokuvumelana noMehluleli u-Erasmus, wanquma ukuthi inhlawulo yokuvuma icala akufanele yeqe inani elibekiwe kuleli cala noma leyo ebekwe uNgqongqoshe Wezobulungiswa. Waqhuba wathi isisebenzi senkantolo esihlalele icala kumele sicubungule amadokhumenti ecala, uma sibona ukuthi isigwebo asihambisani nezobulungiswa futhi nemali yenhlawulo yokuvuma icala ingaphezulu kwaleyo ebekiwe, sinalo ilungelo lokusichitha leso sinqumo sehlise nemali ebisikhokhwe ngummangalelwa uma ingaphezulu.
Ephetha uMehluleli uDavis wakubeka ukuthi iSigaba 57(7) sinika imantshi igunya lokuchitha noma isiphi isigwebo ebona ukuthi asihambisani nezobulungiswa okuhlanganisa nenhlawulo eyehilswe umshushisi ngokweSigaba 57(4).
“Ngakho-ke ngibona ukuthi imantshi yayinelungelo lokuchitha isigwebo nokuyalela ukuthi umsolwa ashushiswe ngendlela ejwayelekile.”
Wabe esekuqinisekisa ukuthi isigwebo sikaKaran siyachithwa, abuyiselwe inhlawulo abeseyikhokhile nokuthi ashushiswe ngendlela ejwayelekile ngokweSigaba 57(7) soMthetho 51 we-1977.
- nguSabelo Mbatha