Isikhumba siyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba
Mukhulu kakhulu umsebenzi wesikhumba akugcini nje ngalokhu abantu abakubonayo ukuthi simboze umzimba
Njengoba ihlobo selingenile nelanga selikhipha umkhovu etsheni, kubalulekile ukuba sinakekele isikhumba sethu. Isikhumba sinemisebenzi ebalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Sijwayele ukungasinakekeli. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sasehlobo angaba mabi ezikhumbeni zethu. Ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba kubalulekile ukusigcina sisebenza ngendlela efanele. Siyasiza futhi ukugwema izimo ezahlukene zesikhumba okuhlanganisa umdlavuza wesikhumba. Nabantu abamnyama bangaba nomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngiyazi ukuthi kunenkolelo emiphakathini yethu yokuthi isikhumba sethu esimnyama siyasivikela ekungenweni umdlavuza wesikhumba. Lokhu akulona iqiniso.
Isikhumba nelanga
Isikhumba njengesitho somzimba esikhulu sinomsebenzi obalulekile ngaphandle kwalona osobala okuwukumboza umzimba. Lo msebenzi wesikhumba obalulekile ufaka:
Ukuvikela: Sinika ukuvikeleka komzimba (njengengxenye yamasotsha omzimba) ezintweni ezingaphandle komzimba (ukugwema ukungena kwezinto ezingafanele) kanye nokugwema ukulahleka kwamanzi asuka ngaphakathi nokungena kwamagciwane asuka ngaphandle.
Imizwa: Isikhumba siyakwazi ukuzwa isimo esingaphandle komzimba.
Ukushisa komzimba: Ngokujuluka, sivumela ukuphola komzimba futhi siwugcina ufudumele ngokuqinisa imithambo yegazi nokwakha uhlevane.
Inqolobane: Sakha futhi sigcine amafutha, sihehe futhi sigcine amanzi.
Amandla: Isikhumba sinezingxenye ezibalulekile, amaprotheyni namafaybha anwebekayo okunika isikhumba amandla futhi okubalulekile ekupholeni kwesilonda.
Omunye umsebenzi wesikhumba obalulekile lo mbhalo ogxile kuwo yilona:
Isikhumba sakha imelanin evumela ukwahlukana kombala wesikhumba kusukela kocishe ube mnyama kuya kocishe ube mhlophe. Umsebenzi oqavile wemelanin ukuvikela isikhumba ekulinyazweni yimisebe yelanga ebizwa nge-Ultra Violet (UV) Light.
Ezinye izinhlobo zesikhumba ziyazwela omonakalweni odalwa ilanga.
Yazi i-UV Light
Amathuba alokhu kushisa makhulu ezindaweni ezinamazinga aphezulu okushisha nasezifundeni ezishisayo, kuyedlulela ehlobo.
Emini, isikhathi esingamahora amane kuya kwayisi-6, umfutho weVB uphindwe kane kunasekuseni nantambama. Yingakho kubalulekile ukugwema ilanga ngalesi sikhathi sosuku nokuqinisekisa ukusebenzisa izinto ezikuvikela elangeni.
Uma nje kusasemini, kunemisebe yelanga (UV) efinyelela emhlabeni ngisho kubanda ikhona.
Uma usendlini uyayithola imisebe yelanga kwazise iyakwazi ukuputsha ngamafasitela anganazo izivikeli.
Izingxenye zemisebe yelanga
I-UVA, 320-400nm, ibaluleke ekushisweni yilanga okudalwa imithi yokuzelapha noma izidakamizwa
I-UVB, 280-320nm, inamandla okushisa esikhumbeni okwedlulele nge1000 uma iqhathaniswa ne-UVA
Imiphumela yesikhashana
Ukushiswa yilanga yinto ejwayelekile esikhumbeni uma ukukhanya kwelanga kwedlula lokhu okubekezelelekayo. Lokhu kuqale kubonakale ngokusabomvana esikhathini esingamahora ayisi-6 umuntu kade eselangeni. Kube sekulandelwa ubuhlungu kokunye kube namapanyazi. Lokhu kungahambisana nokungazizwa kahle okungaba imfiva noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
Emva kwesikhathi esinganesonto isikhumba siba ngcono futhi siphole kodwa kuba khona ukwebuza kwesikhumba.
Imiphumela yesikhathi esimaphakathi neside
Ukukhanya kwesikhumba ngokweqile
Lokhu kubonakala lapho isikhumba sesikhanya ukwedlula okujwayelekile. Kungaba yizisihla njengoba kuke kwenzeke uma kushintsha isikhumba kwabesifazane okungadalwa ukukhulelwa okuye kubonakale esihlathini, esiphongweni, ekhaleni kwezinye izikhathi esilevini. Kungasabalala ezindaweni ezitholwa yilanga, ezingalweni nengxenye yesifuba engasentanyeni.
Kuzona zonke izinhlobo zokukhanya kwesikhumba ngokweqile, imisebe yelanga i-UV iyimbangela. Kubalulekile ukukuqonda ukuthi amanye amakhambi, akhishwa odokotela nathengwayo anomphumela omubi esikhumbeni
Isibonelo sale mithi ngethile yofuba, eyokulawula umfutho wegazi, eyezinhlungu, amaphilisi okuhlela umndeni neminye eminingi. Kuyanda ukusetshenziswa kokhilimu besikhumba abanamakhemikhali enza isikhumba sikhanye kakhulu nokuthi singenwe kalula yizifo noma ukungcola okufana nemibandama noma amagciwane abanga izinsumpa nokunye. Izisihla noma amabalana ansundu aba sezindaweni ezisemzimbeni okufinyelela kuzo ilanga ezinjengobuso, intamo, amahlombe kujwayeleke ehlobo. Lokhu kujwayeleke kubantu abayisiphiwo (albinism)
Lesi simo singaba uphawu lokugula okungelapheki ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezempilo uma kukhona okubonayo. Ukuguga kwesikhumba
Izinguquko ezibangwa yizifo ezingelapheki nokushiswa yilanga kuholela kulesi simo. Lokhu kungaba ukushwabana kwesikhumba, imibimbi, ukuqina kwenyama nokunye. Kujwayele ukuhlasela izindawo ezitholwa yilanga njengentamo, ingenhla lomhlane, ingemuva lezandla, kwabesifazane emuva kwamadolo namaqakala. Imisebe yelanga i-UV ifadabalisa amafaybha esikhumba, igxambukele namandla nendlela yokubhekana kwesikhumba nezimo ezingaphandle. Ezinye izimbangela zalesi simo ukuguga nokubhema. Umdlavuza wesikhumba
Ingcuphe yokuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba iyanda ngenxa yezifo ezingalapheki nokushiswa yilanga kakhulu. Ingcuphe ingahambisana nofuzo.
Kungcono ukugwema kunokwelapha
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Ngokunye ukwelashelwa ukukhanya kwesikhumba ngokweqile nokuguga, xhumana nodokotela wesikhumba ukuthola umbono kangoti nokulawla isimo.
UDkt uNomthandazo Ngcobo ngudokotela wesikhumba ePrince Memorial Hospital nakwezinye ezizimele