Casino mogul exposes Macau’s triad activity
CASINO magnate Sheldon Adelson’s reference to triad organised crime gangs in testimony in a lawsuit has hit a raw nerve in Macau, the Chinese boomtown that his Las Vegas Sands Corporation helped transform from a gangland haven into a $38bn gambling capital.
The lawsuit against Sands was brought by Hong Kong businessman Richard Suen, who is seeking $328m he says he is owed for helping the US firm obtain one of three coveted casino licences in Macau, now the world’s biggest gambling market with annual revenue of more than six times Las Vegas’s.
Mr Adelson’s comments about triads reverberated across Macau last week and prompted a former Sands partner, casino operator Galaxy Entertainment, to post a regulatory filing with the Hong Kong stock exchange objecting to “certain inaccurate statements”.
Sands and Galaxy jointly won a Macau casino licence in 2002, but failed to reach an operational deal and split up.
Mr Adelson, when asked in a Las Vegas court why the two firms could not work together, said that Galaxy “had expressed their judgment they were going to do business with either reputed or triad people and we couldn’t do that.”
That comment, which drew little attention in Las Vegas, was front-page news in Macau because it suggested China had failed to clean up the violent gangs that dominated the gambling scene a decade ago. Triads involved in Macau’s VIP gaming rooms were notorious for their heavy-handed methods of collecting on gambling debt. Macau’s VIP segment, where wealthy Chinese wager millions, accounts for about 70% of total revenue. A Galaxy spokesman said the company was seeking legal advice and could not comment further.
Interviews with seven Macau gaming executives, including four former Sands employees, revealed a sense of dismay that the trial, watched locally online and tracked closely in the daily papers, was drawing attention to a seedier side of Macau that China has sought to scrub. The city wants to position itself as a transparent and reputable tourist destination.
China cracked down on triads after it took formal control of the former Portuguese colony in 1999. At the time mobsters such as the infamous Wan “Broken Tooth” Kuok-koi gave Macau a name for violence as much as gambling.
Macau’s casino revenue hit $38bn last year, dwarfing Las Vegas’s $6bn. Unlike Vegas, where fun-seekers can dine and see show business legends without laying a dollar on the tables, Macau’s visitors tend to focus exclusively on betting in its massive, packed gambling halls.
Macau, home to 500,000 people, is the only place in China where casino gambling is legal. Gaming accounts for 70% of its government revenues, which explains why the trial has received so much interest.
In China, court proceedings are normally closed, so the open access to the Sands hearing — and allegations of Macau gang activity and backroom deals — makes for prime viewing.
“Everyone is watching this,” said a casino executive in Macau who declined to be named because of the sensitivity of the matter. “Mr Adelson’s comments have so many underlying meanings that are embarrassing.
“Talking about triads, whether it is true or not, implies the government didn’t do a good job at cleaning up Macau.”
Some sources expressed surprise that Mr Adelson would draw negative attention to a city that helped turn Sands into a $46bn company. Sands owns four of Macau’s 35 casinos, more than any other US firm, and its Macau operations generated about 60% of the firm’s total casino revenues of $9bn last year.
“Why is he killing the goose that gave him the gold?” a casino executive asked.
Several executives questioned why Sands did not settle the lawsuit to prevent unflattering details from reaching the public domain. Former Sands executive William Widner said he had lost confidence in Mr Adelson because of the Suen trial. “This trial was injurious to relations in China; it should have never been in a court like this,” he said in court last Wednesday.
This is the first of three legal battles that are casting an uncomfortable spotlight on how Macau awarded lucrative gambling licences in 2002, a source of controversy because little was publicly revealed about how the winners were selected.
The lawsuits show behind-thescenes jockeying and connections between business and government as 21 bidders were whittled down to three — the Sands-Galaxy partnership, Macau kingpin Stanley Ho, and Las Vegas mogul Steve Wynn’s Wynn Resorts.
After Galaxy and Sands split, Macau awarded a sub-concession licence to Sands for no charge, which was controversial because Mr Wynn and Mr Ho’s company SJM were able to sell their subconcessions to Melco Crown and MGM Resorts for $900m and $200m respectively.
A Sands spokesman declined to discuss any specifics regarding the licence process.
Some Macau residents welcomed the closer scrutiny that came with the lawsuits.
“The Macau people want to hear more about these cases, find out how the licence process worked,” said Jose Coutinho, a directly elected member of Macau’s legislative assembly who is known for promoting democracy. “The government should set up an independent panel to find out what happened when the licences were awarded.”
The Macau Business Daily, the city’s main English-language daily, said the city’s reputation was at risk.
“Things can be said in US courts — and then reported by the media using the rule of court privilege there — that if repeated outside the tribunal or in other jurisdictions might be considered inflammatory or even defamatory,” it wrote in an editorial published on Thursday. Reuters