Takeaways from the midterms so far

The midterm elections are neither a Republican landslide nor a Democratic surprise ... but there is still a long way to go before we have winners in several key races, and control of the Senate is not likely to be known for a while.

Still, there are some clear lessons emerging from the midterm elections so far:

● Bad candidates cost the Republicans dearly: Several Trump-backed extremists, including New Hampshire Senate candidate Don Bolduc and Pennsylvania gubernatorial contender Doug Mastriano, lost their races. Georgia Senate candidate Herschel Walker was running well behind more mainstream Republican candidates in the same state because voters split their tickets.

● The spin, part 1: If the Republican margin turns out to be smaller than the GOP had hoped, a scenario that looks likely, expect some in the party to make baseless accusations of voter fraud. We saw it happen in 2020, and we can expect some losing candidates or their supporters to extend the “stolen election” mantra into the midterm results.

● The spin, part 2: Once upon a time, in the 1980s and 1990s, both parties would play down their chances going into the election, sometimes comically so, to leave their candidates room to beat artificially low expectations. Republican operative Karl Rove changed all that in 2000; he thought that spinning the other way could generate momentum for his candidates on election day, which would matter a lot more than postelection spin. Many Republicans have emulated Rove, while Democrats by and large haven’t. The result: Republicans may fall short of Rove-style high expectations and suffer in post-election punditry.

● Still, expectations matter: Republicans appear to be falling short of a different type of expectation based on what political scientists regard as election “fundamentals”, such as which party is in the White House and how popular the president is. Those core factors, and especially President Joe Biden’s popularity rating, which is hovering below 42%, suggested a tough night for Democrats.

● Issues matter, too: Liberal ballot measures are off to a good start: cannabis legalisation won in Maryland, Medicaid expansion is winning in Republican South Dakota and abortion rights supporters have won in Vermont and are ahead in several other states including Republican Kentucky.

It is going to be some time before we know why Republicans failed to capitalise on what appeared to be a strong year for them, but it is likely that these popular policy positions helped Democrats quite a bit.

● Florida, red state: Republicans did extremely well in Florida, a development with long-term implications. One potential outcome: if the state is perceived to be solidly Republican, Democratic presidents including the current one might not feel as inclined to push for policies that benefit the state’s voters.

● Tough comparisons: As I write this, Republicans haven’t yet clinched a House majority. They will probably get there, but only by a narrow margin. If that is what happens, people will wind up having more appreciation in the coming months for how House speaker Nancy Pelosi held together a tiny majority over the past two years.

● Milestones: With many races still undecided, a couple of results stand out. Maryland Democrat Wes Moore becomes the first black person elected governor in the state’s history and only the third black governor elected in US history. Massachusetts Democrat Maura Healey is one of the country’s first LGBTQ women elected governor. Another LGBTQ candidate, Oregon Democrat Tina Kotek, is still in a close race.