Social ties good for your health
WANT to be healthy? Hit the gym. Eat nutritious foods. And… hang out with people. The depth and breadth of your social connections will impact your health just as much as diet and exercise, according to a study published in the US on Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill researchers found that the size and quality of a person’s social ties affect specific health measures, such as abdominal obesity and hypertension, at different points in their lives.
For example, adolescents who are socially isolated face the same risk for developing inflammation as those who don’t exercise.
Older adults are more at risk for developing hypertension from social isolation than from diabetes.
Higher social strain slightly increased the odds of abdominal obesity and inflammation during early to mid-adulthood and carried an even higher risk of overall obesity among those who were slightly older.
Research shows loneliness in old age affects longevity and that a robust social life contributes to better overall health, but “what we don’t quite know is how exactly do social connections get under the skin”, said the study’s first author Yang Claire Yang, a UNC professor and Carolina Population Center faculty fellow.
Researchers used four massive longitudinal surveys that followed more than 14 000 participants at various stages in life and captured the nature of their social lives, then later, their physical well-being.
The size and variety of social ties – social integration – were captured by elements such as numbers of friends, marital status, religious affiliation and involvement in community domains. The quality of social ties – social support and strain – was measured through questions such as whether friends and relatives were critical, supportive, loving, argumentative and annoying.
Then, researchers looked at whether the quality and quantity of social ties were associated with four specific health markers: blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference and a particular protein which measures inflammation.
Said senior author Kathleen Mullan Harris, also a UNC professor and faculty fellow at the Carolina Population Center: “The theory is the social relationships can buffer some of the effects of stress, and/or help with coping.”
Surprisingly enough, having a big social network was more important than having high-quality relationships for people during adolescence and old age.
But during mid-adulthood, from about the mid-30s to 50s, the quality of relationships mattered more. – The Washington Post