Marvellous mistake
IT MIGHT not look like much, but upsalite, an anonymous white powder, has great potential. Thanks to its unrivalled capacity to absorb water, the newly synthesised magnesium carbonate material – MgCO3, to be precise – could be used in everything from domestic humidity controls to pharmaceutical factories, from electronics to oil spill clean-ups.
By making the substance from simple ingredients, at room temperature, the chemists at Sweden’s Uppsala University have solved a problem that had outfoxed scientists for nearly two centuries.
A single gram of this elusive white, dry, powdered form of magnesium carbonate has an extraordinarily large surface area of 800m2 thanks to numerous minuscule pores, each one a million times smaller than the width of a human hair.
“Upsalite absorbs more water and low relative humidities than the best materials presently available and can be regenerated with less energy consumption than is used in similar processes today,” Maria Stromme, professor of nanotechnology at Uppsala University said.
Even more striking, though, is the mode of its discovery. How did researchers finally crack the problem? Entirely by accident, in fact. It was only when they mistakenly left a reaction bubbling over a long weekend that the experiment proved successful. And so upsalite joins the illustrious list of fortunate accidents. Indeed, the annals of science are littered with blunder, mishap and blind alley made good.
Some are breakthroughs of epic proportion – Alexander Fleming stumbling across penicillin because his Staphylococcus cultures were invaded by mould, say, or Wilson Greatbatch fitting the wrong resistor to his heart-recording device and thus creating the pacemaker. Others are more prosaic. Artificial sweeteners were found because a scientist researching coal tar failed to wash his hands before he ate; the humble Post-it note was the brainchild of a failed glue inventor.
As we raise a glass of akvavit to the possibilities of upsalite, then let’s raise one, too, to serendipity. And also – to paraphrase the great microbiologist, Louis Pasteur – to the “prepared mind” that is favoured by chance.