A summary of the changes

1 Radical new design. Sweeping bodywork. Bigger rear wings secured by a low beam. Return of ground effect thanks to flat bottoms is no longer mandatory. Low nose and four-element front wing and simpler endplates. Area behind front wheels free from bargeboards and other structures.

2 The number of wind tunnel runs has been slashed, with the emphasis switching to CFD (computational fluid dynamics).

3 Cost cap set at $175 million per team, per year. Limit to car upgrades over a race weekend and inseason aero upgrades in a bid to reduce costly development arms race.

4 Introduction of certain standardised parts (e.g. fuel pumps) that must have a prescribed design (e.g. wheel covers) and restrictions on the number of times components (e.g. brake pads) can be replaced.

5 Power unit remains unchanged but exhaust systems added to the list of power unit components that are limited in number per season.

6 Cars 25 kg heavier due to changes in chassis and power unit materials to save costs. A switch to 18-inch wheel rims will also add to the weight increase.

7 Gearbox design and components, an expensive feature, will be frozen from 2021 to ‘25. Rules governing clutch control (giving more control to the driver) have been changed for 2020 and will be carried forward.

8 Race weekends condensed from four to three days. All teams must run at least two practice sessions during the year, using drivers who have completed two Grands Prix or fewer to give the next generation an opportunity.