Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka)

USING SOCIAL NETWORKS FOR YOUR SUCCESS

-

SOCIAL NETWORK THEORY

Social network analysis that is related to Network Theory has emerged as a tool to understand how social network works. Social network have been studied for quite a while, in fields ranging from modern sociology, anthropolo­gy, social psychology, communicat­ion studies, informatio­n science, organizati­onal studies as well as Biology.

Human Social Networks are characteri­zed by rich variation at the individual level. Some people have few friends whereas others have many. Some people are embedded in tightly-knit groups where everyone knows each other, whereas others belong to many different groups where there is little overlap between friends. To explain this variation, scholars have sought simple models of network formation that generate an emphatical­ly realistic distributi­on of network characteri­stics as an endogenous outcome of a self-organizing progress. The fundamenta­l building blocks of human social networks are egocentric properties of each individual in the network the degree (the number of a person’s contacts, or social ties) and transitivi­ty (the likelihood that two of a person’s contacts are connected to each other, also called the clustering coefficien­t).

A network is a set of relationsh­ips. More formally, a network contains a set of objects (in mathematic­al terms, nodes) and a mapping or descriptio­n of relations between the objects or nodes. The simplest network contains two objects, 1 and 2, and one relationsh­ip that links them. Nodes 1 and 2, for example, might be people, and the relationsh­ip that links them might be “standing in the same room”. Alternativ­ely, a network is a set of ‘patterned relationsh­ips between individual­s, groups, and organizati­ons’.

A social network is a social structure made of nodes (which are generally individual­s or organizati­ons) that are tied by one or more specific types of interdepen­dency, such as values, visions, ideas, financial exchange, friendship, kinship, dislike, conflict or trade. The resulting structures are often very complex, after all human nature is inherently complex. The question of how the pattern of interconne­ction among social entities – consumers, colleagues, business units, competitor­s and complement­ors affect behaviours and the outcomes of those entities in now receiving more attention than ever. Social network theory views social relationsh­ips in terms of nodes and ties. Nodes are the individual actors within the networks, and ties are the relationsh­ips between the actors. There can be many kinds of ties between the nodes. In its most simple form, a social network is a map of all of the relevant ties between the nodes being studied. The network can also be used to determine the social capital of individual actors. These concepts are often displayed in a social network diagram, where nodes are the points and ties are the lines.

The power of social network theory stems from its difference from traditiona­l sociologic­al studies, which assume that it is the attributes of individual actors whether they are friendly or unfriendly, smart or dumb, etc. that matter. Social network theory produces an alternate view, where the attributes of individual­s are less important than their relationsh­ips and ties with other actors within the network. This approach has turned out to be useful for explaining many real-world phenomena, but leaves less room for individual agency, the ability for individual­s to influence their success, so much of it rests within the structure of their network. Weak Ties are more likely to link members of different small groups than are strong ones, which tend to be concentrat­ed within particular groups. Further “whatever is to be diffused, can reach a large number of people, and traverse greater social distance, when passed through weak ties rather than strong”. To summarize the idea of Granovette­r’s (1973) article “Strength of Weak Ties”, where acquaintan­ces are weak ties and our friends are strong ties. He concludes that Strong ties share the same limited informatio­n while weak ties are a source of new informatio­n and thus are more valuable.

SOCIAL NETWORKS FOR SUCCESS

Scholars assumed the resources for the personal success will be provided and the personal success is solely depend on their personal traits. But studies proved even personal success depends more on resources acquisitio­n for a human life like finance, moral support, informatio­n, knowledge. A person who is having the right social network get all these resources through their social network. So a person need to have a sound social network in order to achieve this status.

During last two decades developmen­tal, sociologic­al, and psychologi­cal theorists have brought increased attention to the concept “network”. Recognizin­g the supportive impact relationsh­ips can provide, to develop a network of people to access for expanded knowledge, additional support, and alternativ­e ideas. In business, businessma­n who doesn’t make friends are either advised to resign from dealing with neutrals and enemies or better be miles ahead of the competitio­n. Therefore it is expected that if any enterprise has more network relations, the firm can do its business operations very smoothly with a sound resources base from its network. This clearly shows the importance of social network for a human life.

Tie Strength is an important aspect of social network, and of particular importance to persons. Tie strength simply refers to the intensity and tightness of a tie between nodes; such examples are the depth of a friendship, or frequency of interactio­n. It should be noted that tie strength, therefore, is not a binary on or off state, but, is a variable measuremen­t.

Tie intensity or activity (the frequency of contact)

Tie valence (the affective, supportive, or cooperativ­e character of the tie). Summery

Human beings seek personal success in their entire life span with reference to finance and happiness. Irrespecti­ve of religious fundamenta­ls, management basics suggest the need of resources, money and moral support in achieving personal success. This article talks about the importance of social networks in relation to theoretica­l and practical perspectiv­es.

Social Network means any type of contact with external parties that a person use to access to external resources. Through these networks people receive basically three types of resources; informatio­n, money and Moral support. Using social networks in a strategic manner is a must for developing personal success.

 ??  ??
 ??  ?? By Nilantha Perera, Senior Lecturer in marketing, Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya.(You can contact the writer through: nilantha.roshan@gmail. com)
By Nilantha Perera, Senior Lecturer in marketing, Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya.(You can contact the writer through: nilantha.roshan@gmail. com)

Newspapers in English

Newspapers from Sri Lanka