EBAY’S FOUNDER HAS A NEW IDEA: BUILD A DAIRY FARM IN HAWAII
Pierre Omidyar says his intentions are worthy, but not everyone on the island is happy
If Pierre Omidyar gets his way, 699 dairy cows will soon enjoy a glorious view of the Pacific Ocean, framed by a pristine beach. Omidyar, the founder of eBay, wants to build a dairy farm on the island of Kauai. He is one of many tech billionaires who have established a presence in Hawaii, which is only a five-hour flight from Silicon Valley. Others include Larry Ellison, Oracle’s co-founder, who bought all but a tiny amount of the island of Lanai and turned it into a resort — investing millions, but frustrating some islanders by driving up rents — and Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg, who was called a “neocolonialist” after he sued some locals over beachfront land he bought. (He dropped the suits.)
The goal of Omidyar’s farm — which incidentally is on land owned by the family of Steve Case, another tech billionaire — is to decrease the island-state’s heavy reliance on imported milk while using sustainable agriculture practices. (The dairy will nonetheless still have to import feed for its animals.)
Some residents, though, object. They and the owners of the major resorts that line this island’s famous beaches, just a little more than 1.6km down the coastline from the dairy site, have worked to block the project.
“We are concerned with odours and flies from the dairy,” said Lisa Munger, a lawyer who represents the Grand Hyatt Kauai Resort & Spa, which successfully sued to force the dairy to do an environmental assessment. “Each dairy cow will produce 90.8 pounds of manure per day — whether there are 699 cows or 2,000 cows, that is a lot of manure.”
Ms Munger said biting flies can reach the Grand Hyatt, along with “offensive dairy odours”.
Opponents of the Hawaii Dairy drive around with bumper stickers — “No Moo Poo in Maha’ulepu”, as the area of the island where the dairy would go is known — summarising their main cause of concern: that animal waste could contaminate drinking water or the oceanfront and cause unpleasant smells. “We’re all for local agriculture, but why put a dairy there?” said Bridget Hammerquist, a lawyer and the president of Friends of Maha’ulepu, a non-profit set up to fight the dairy. “It’s a serious threat to Kauai’s biggest source of revenue, tourism; to the environment; and to our quality of life.”
So far, courts have sided with opponents of the dairy. In a case brought by the Friends group, contending that the dairy would violate the federal Clean Water Act, a judge ruled that it had violated the law by failing to get the permits it needed for the construction it had already done on the site.
Another lawsuit, brought by the owners of the Grand Hyatt, contended the dairy would have a negative effect on businesses and resorts along the coast. This year, Judge Randal Valenciano revoked all permits that had been granted to Hawaii Dairy Farms and ordered it to complete an environmental assessment before going further.
Amy Hennessey, director of communications at the Ulupono Initiative, Omidyar’s investment office in Hawaii, said those decisions were a setback for Hawaiian agriculture and food security, which has been a concern of Governor David Ige. Hawaii imports roughly 90% of its food supply, and Ige has pledged to double the state’s food production by 2020.
“We’ve gone from an economy here that grew sugar cane and pineapples and had a large agricultural industry to one based largely on tourism and real estate development,” Ms Hennessey said. “All these interests are competing for the same resources and opportunities, and if we’re not careful, agriculture is going to lose out and Hawaii will be without a safety net — not being able to grow our own food is a significant issue.”
Residents point out that one drinking water well supplying the neighbourhoods of Poipu and Koloa is within 213m of the pastures where the cows will graze, and other wells are within 365m.
The dairy’s representatives contend that the soil at the site can absorb and filter the manure runoff from 699 milk cows. The chosen number of cows is significant: If Hawaii Dairy’s plans included one more cow — bumping the total to 700 — it would meet the Environmental Protection Agency’s definition of a large concentrated animal feeding operation, or CAFO.
That designation initiates the need for a permit under the EPA’s Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. Because the dairy drew the line at 699 cows, avoiding the need for the discharge permit, it originally was able to describe itself as “zero discharge”.
“It’s going to be zero discharge from the EPA’s perspective,” Ms Hennessey said. “There will be very little discharge, but I think it was a little confusing for some people in the community, so we’ve stopped saying that,” she said.
The dairy plans to eventually have 2,000 cows on the property.
Given Hawaii’s proximity to Silicon Valley, it is little surprise that the islands have attracted many of the United States’ new billionaires. Like everyone else, they appreciate the state’s natural beauty. And they appreciate its generally laidback approach to fame and fortune.
Plus, it is easier to move around by boat and helicopter — avoiding paparazzi stakeouts. Marc Benioff, Paul Allen and Michael Dell, whose 1,720 square metre hideaway is known as the Raptor Residence, have homes here.
Mr Ellison reportedly spent US$450 million (15 billion baht) to renovate a resort on Lanai, the smallest island in the Hawaiian archipelago. That resort has the world’s most expensive room, at $21,000 a night. Mr Ellison is also renovating another resort.
While his improvements have driven up rents, displacing some residents — only about 3,200 people live there full time — Mr Ellison has also paid for a new water filtration system for the island, a public pool and a cinema.
Mr Zuckerberg and his wife, Dr Priscilla Chan, are the latest of the tech titans to establish a toehold here, buying 283 hectares on Kauai for a reported $100 million. In January, after public outcry, they dropped eight lawsuits they had brought against dozens of people who have claims to parcels of land within their estate dating to the mid-1800s.
The suits touched on a particularly sensitive issue for native Hawaiians having to do with land that traditionally belonged to Hawaii’s kings. Mr Zuckerberg and Ms Chan said in a letter printed in the local newspaper that they had been unaware of some of the issues involving such parcels and pledged to learn more.
The Omidyars have lived in Honolulu more or less full time since the mid-2000s, and it is not the eBay billionaire’s first run-in with the Kauai community. He previously planned to open a resort on the island’s north shore.