Fear grips key city in Sudan’s Darfur
Fragile peace at risk of breaking down as warring factions clash near humanitarian hub, writes
Clashes near El-Fasher, a relative haven in Darfur largely spared from the last 12 months of war in Sudan, have raised fears of a further expansion of the devastating conflict.
Since fighting erupted on April 15, 2023, between Sudan’s army and paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, the already war-ravaged western region of Darfur has been the site of horrific violence, including reports of mass ethnicbased killings.
But North Darfur’s El-Fasher, the last state capital not under RSF control in the vast Darfur region, had been a site of comparative stability and a key humanitarian refuge.
“Clashes have taken hold of the countryside west of the city,” a local human rights defender told AFP by phone, requesting anonymity for fear of reprisal.
“Air strikes have pounded [the area] and everyone is terrified,” she added.
The local resistance committee, one of many pro-democracy groups organising aid across the country, said on Saturday an RSF-allied militia had set fire to six villages west of El-Fasher.
At least 10 civilians were killed in the attacks, according to another activist committee.
United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres was “deeply concerned” by reports indicating “an attack on El-Fasher may be imminent”, his spokesperson said on Saturday.
In a statement, he said “such an attack would be devastating for civilians in the city”, which has functioned as “a humanitarian hub for the UN that ensures lifesaving assistance” across Darfur.
The immense region, the size of France, is home to a quarter of Sudan’s 48 million people and — like much of the country — is on the brink of famine.
The US ambassador to the UN, Linda Thomas-Greenfield said in a post on X on Saturday that she was “gravely concerned by reports of escalating conflict” in El-Fasher that risked “humanitarian catastrophe in an already dire situation”.
As violence rages through the countryside, residents in North Darfur have reported an influx of displaced people moving towards the city, in the hope that it might prove safer than their villages.
But even within the city on Saturday, “we could hear the sound of clashes”, local activist Adam told AFP, requesting to be identified only by his first name.
The UN said last year that 80,000 people had already sought shelter in El-Fasher’s “overcrowded school buildings, or were left out in the open”.
Peace in the key city was similarly threatened last year, before local armed groups successfully negotiated a makeshift truce — acting as peacekeepers in what the United Nations called “a fragile status quo”.
According to a UN expert report, the RSF had “refrained from attacking after informal negotiations with the Darfurian armed movements there”.
The groups had also coordinated desperately needed aid from eastern Sudan, before supply lines broke down, experts told AFP.
Intermittent attacks had already escalated in recent weeks, with eyewitnesses reporting increased clashes between the army and the RSF.
But unrest has soared since the two most powerful armed groups — led by Darfur governor Mini Minawi and Sudan’s finance minister Gibril Ibrahim — pledged to fight alongside the army.