7 Saints 7 Cities: Film festival honors scientists of Islamic Golden Age
The eighth edition of the International 7 Saints 7 Cities Short Film Festival will revolve around the theme of ‘Physicians of the Great Age’ to honor Muslim pioneers’ contributions to medical history and health workers fighting against the coronavirus
THE FIRST Sufi films festival in the world, the International 7 Saints 7 Cities Short Film Festival is being held for the eighth time this year. Focusing on seven Islamic scholars of seven provinces every year, the festival plans to honor seven distinguished scientists that have shaped the history of medicine during the Islamic Golden Age, which is traditionally dated from the eighth century to the 14th century, in its 2021 edition.
While the world continues to battle with the global COVID-19 pandemic, the International 7 Saints 7 Cities Short Film Festival has decided its theme “Physicians of the Great Age,” dedicating its latest edition to health care workers around the world. The festival, organized by the Competent Art Cinema and Culture Association, is supported by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism’s Cinema Department.
Eda Sürmeli, the head of the festival committee, stated that they were delighted that the festival is in its eighth year, having started as a festival of films focusing on Islamic mysticism. Sürmeli said that the festival is unique because it does not feature ready films but rather produces them based on a selection of seven scripts focusing on a chosen subject.
“We were worried that the festival would be lackluster because of COVID-19
last year. However, it was quite the opposite and was a really inspiring occasion. We had the screenings in a drive-in theater format,” Sürmeli told Anadolu Agency (AA) and added, “This year, if the virus vaccinations are completed, we plan to hold the event in September much enthusiastically.”
Sürmeli noted that like every year, this year too they have chosen a topic for the festival. This year, the movies will focus on seven Muslim pioneers in the field of medicine during the Islamic Golden Age.
“It is the golden age of the Islamic world and science. Europe called this period
Dark Ages. We are featuring seven great physicians from this era. The reason for this is surely the pandemic and our heroes, the healthcare workers. We intend to give them moral support and show our appreciation with this year’s festival,” she added.
The film festival will be held in the western Bursa province, which was also the first capital of the Ottoman Empire before the conquest of Istanbul. Script entries to the festival, which feature these seven famous names as their subjects, will be accepted until May 1. Winners will be selected in seven categories and their
scripts will be produced into films while also receiving monetary prizes.
GOLDEN SEVEN
The seven pioneers chosen for the festival include Ibn Sina, who is also known as Avicenna in the West. The Persian polymath is regarded as the father of modern medicine and one of the most significant physicians, thinkers and writers of the Islamic Golden Age.
Another is Iranian scholar al-Biruni. The renowned polymath is believed to be the first anthropologist and the father of modern geodesy. He was also well versed in physics, mathematics, astronomy and natural sciences.
Ibn al-Jazzar, a physician who rose to fame for his writings on Islamic medicine and was also the first to diagnose leprosy, is another subject of the festival.
The fourth scientist chosen by the festival is Ibn al-Nafis, another polymath who covered a wide range of subjects including medicine, surgery, physiology, anatomy, biology and philosophy. He was the first person to describe the pulmonary circulation of blood for which he has been called the father of circulatory physiology.
The other Muslim pioneer being recognized at the festival is Ibn Bajja, known in the West as Avempace. The Andalusian philosopher and scientist was famous for his writings in the fields of medicine, astronomy, physics, philosophy and botany. His writings on Aristotle are considered to be the first commentary on the philosopher in the Western world. His works influenced future astronomers and physicists in both Islamic civilizations and Renaissance Europe, including Galileo Galilei.
The fifth scientist from the Islamic Golden Age is Al-Zahrawi or Abulcasis. He was the founder of modern surgery whose principal work was the “Kitab al-Tasrif,” a 30-volume encyclopedia of medical practices that became the standard textbook in Europe for the next five centuries with its chapter on surgery. He was the first physician to identify the hereditary nature of hemophilia, describe an abdominal pregnancy and discover the root cause of paralysis. The surgical instruments that he invented are still used by doctors today.
The last of the golden seven is al-Razi, whose Latinized name is Rhazes or Rasis. The Persian polymath, physician, alchemist and philosopher, who was one of the first people to use humoral theory, a system which details the makeup and workings of the human body to differentiate contagious diseases, and wrote a book on smallpox and measles where he provided a clinical characterization of these illnesses. He was a pioneer in pediatrics and ophthalmology and was the first to recognize the reaction of the eye’s pupil to light.
THE GERMAN economy grew better-than-expected at 0.3% in the last year’s fourth quarter compared with the previous three-month period, fueled by strong exports and solid construction activity official data showed yesterday. Although the revision meant that last year’s overall drop in gross domestic product (GDP) was a touch less sharp than originally reported — 4.9% rather than 5%, the fall ended a decade of growth and was the biggest decline since the financial crisis in 2009.
Meanwhile, stricter lockdown measures at home and abroad continue to be clouding the outlook for Europe’s largest economy.
The data, published by the Federal Statistics Office yesterday, marked an upward revision to its earlier estimate for a 0.1% expansion over the previous quarter.
The office also revised upward its 2020 full-year GDP figure to -4.9% from -5.0%.
Adjusted for calendar effects, the German economy shrank by 5.3% last year, a much smaller contraction than in many other European countries, helped by a strong fiscal response to the damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
A debt-financed fiscal splurge created an overall state budget deficit of 139.6 billion euros or 4.2% of GDP in
2020, the office said. This was the first deficit since 2011 and the second-highest since German reunification.
Economy Minister Peter Altmaier said the growth data sent a positive signal, adding: “We will continue to do everything we can in the coming months to maintain the substance of our economy.”
Germany had registered a record growth of 8.5% in the third quarter and an unprecedented plunge of 9.7% in the second, due to the effects of its first coronavirus lockdown.
The second lockdown, imposed at the beginning of November in hospitality venues and expanded in mid-December to include most shops and services, caused a plunge in household spending in the fourth quarter, the office said.
Disposable income rose slightly,
however, thanks to job protection schemes and state aid for parents. As the lockdown prevented many consumers from spending, the savings rate was an unusually high 15.7%.
Household spending fell 3.3% in the quarter and construction spending rose 1.8%. Exports grew 4.5%.
This meant net trade contributed 0.6 percentage points to the overall growth rate, whereas sluggish domestic activity subtracted 0.3 percentage points, the office said.
Thomas Gitzel from VP Bank said export-oriented manufacturers benefited from growing orders from China while low-interest rates helped the construction industry.
But the outlook remains clouded as German authorities have extended the stricter lockdown until at least March 7,
while restrictions in other countries are weakening demand from abroad.
“Going forward, we stick to our forecast of a 1.5% q/q decline in the first quarter of 2021, mainly due to the negative effects on overall economic activity from the extended and tightened lockdown,” UniCredit said in a research note.
Carsten Brzeski from ING said that stricter lockdown measures since mid-December, weaker demand from other eurozone countries, harsh winter weather in February and a reversal of pre-Brexit hoarding in the U.K. had increased the downside risk for the first quarter of 2021.
“The growth drivers of the fourth quarter could easily become drags in the first,” Brzeski cautioned.