+,=/, (7.ñ/ñ &$<',5,&,
HOHNWURPDQ\HWLN IàUODWPD VLVWHPLQH GD\DOà ELU WRS SURMHVL %X SURMH\L KRFDPà] \àOODUàQGDQ EHUL ¨DOàĀà\RU DVOàQGD %X ĀX DQGD WHNQRORML JHOLĀWLUPH VDIKDVàQGD RODQ SURWRWLS ½U½Q½Q ¨HĀLWOL RUWDPODUGD NXOOD QàOPD\D EDĀODGàØàQà J·UG½Ø½P½] ELU WHN QRORML Ħ GHGL
.ODVLN VLODKODUàQ EDUXW \DNàW YH\D SDWOD\à FàODUOD KHGHŅ YXUGXØXQX HOHNWURPDQ\HWLN WRS VLVWHPLQGH LVH EXQODUàQ \HULQH HOHNWULN HQHUMLVL NXOODQàOGàØàQà ND\GHGHQ ßVPDLO 'HPLU Ā·\OH GHYDP HWWL ĥ%X HQHUML\OH IàU ODWàODQ P½KLPPDW ¨RN \½NVHN ELU NLQHWLN HQHUML\H YH KLSHUVRQLN Kà]D VDKLS ROX\RU +HGHŅ GH EX \½NVHN HQHUML\OH YXUDUDN LPKD HGL\RU %X WHNQRORMLQLQ HQ E½\½N DYDQWDMà DWàĀ PDOL\HWOHULQLQ XFX] ROPDVà 7RS DWàĀ PDOL\HWL\OH I½]H PHQ]LOLQGH HWNLOL ROXQPDVà KLSHUVRQLN Kà]ODUD VDKLS ROPDVà VHEHEL\OH ¨RN Kà]Oà YH HWNLOL KHGHņHUL WDK ULS J½F½QH VDKLS RODELOPHVL
$VOàQGD EHQ]HUL SURMHOHU 7½UNL\HģGH EDĀND NXUXPODU WDUDIàQGDQ GD ¨DOàĀàOà\RU %XUDGD EL]LP KHGHŅPL] ELU \½]GH \HUOLOLN ßNLQFLVL LVH EX W½U \HQL WHNQRORML J·VWHULP OHULQLQ ELUGHQ ID]OD NXUXP NXUXOXĀ DND GHPL WDUDIàQGDQ ¨DOàĀàOPDVà 7½UNL\HģQLQ DUWàN DOàĀàN ROPDVà JHUHNHQ ELU \·QWHP ½QN½ SURMHOHU KHP NHQGL PHFUDVàQGD GHØLĀLN WHNQRORMLOHUH \RO D¨DELOL\RU +HP GH ELUELULQL WHWLNOH\HQ YH ELUELUL\OH EHONL LOHULGH HQWHJUH ¨DOàĀDFDN GHØLĀLN VLVWHPOHU RUWD\D ¨àNDUWDELOL\RUX] Ħ
°QFÖ SURMHOHU DUDVÜQGD \HU DODFDN
3URMH NDSVDPàQGD ¨HĀLWOL GHQHPH VDIKDODUà RODFDØàQà J½YHQOLN J½¨OHULQLQ NXOODQDFDØà VLODK VLVWHPOHUL SODWIRUPXQD G·Q½ĀPHVL QLQ LVH QLKDL KHGHI ROGXØXQD LĀDUHW HGHQ 660 0½VWHĀDUà ĥ3URMHPL] 7½UNL\HģGH EX DODQGD YH EHQ]HU DODQODUGDNL VLVWHPOHULQ \D\JàQODĀPDVà KHGHŅ\OH GHØHUOHQGLULOGL ØLQGH ·QF½ SURMHOHU DUDVàQGD \HU DODFDN WàU *HOLĀWLUPH ¨DOàĀPDODUà NDSVDPàQGD ĀX DQGD ODERUDWXYDU RUWDPàQGD ROXĀWXUXOPXĀ RODQ SURWRWLSOHU YDU %HQ]HU ·]HOOLNOHUGH ELU DGHW VDKD SURWRWLSLQLQ WHGDULN HGLOPH VLQH \·QHOLN RODUDN $QDGROX <·QOHQGLULO PLĀ (QHUML 7HNQRORMLOHUL $ ÿ LOH V·]OHĀPH
LP]DOà\RUX] Ħ D¨àNODPDVàQGD EXOXQGX
.ÜVD VÖUHGH VRQXÁODQDFDN
DOàĀPDQàQ VDIKD VDIKD LOHUOH\HFHN ELU SURMH ROGXØXQX DQODWDQ 660 0½VWHĀDUà ßVPDLO 'HPLU ĥ/DERUDWXYDU RUWDPàQGDNL WHVWOHUL GHYDP HGL\RU %XJ½QH NDGDU EHONL ELQH \DNàQ WHVW \DSàOPàĀ GXUXPGD ÿX DQ VDKD\D ¨àNDFDN DODQGD DWàĀ \DSDELOHFHN ½U½Q½ KHGHņL\RUX] ßQĀDOODK VDKD WHVWL PL]H GH KHS EHUDEHU ĀDKLWOLN HGHFHØLPL] J½Q½ GH J·U½U½] %X SURMHPL] DOWàQà ¨L ]HUHN V·\OH\H\LP \àO V½UHFHN ELU SURMH GHØLO EX SURMHPL]L ¨RN NàVD V½UHGH VRQX¨ ODQGàUPD\à KHGHņL\RUX] ßQĀDOODK EX \D] ELWPHGHQ SURMHQLQ VDKD WHVWLQL \DSDUDN KHS EHUDEHU ĀDKLWOLN HGHFHØL] Ħ GHGL
o'HYDPÜQÜ JHWLUPH\L DU]X HGL\RUX]p
+à]DO /WG *HQHO 0½G½U½ 3URI 'U 0LU]D KDQ +à]DO GD LP]D W·UHQLQGH ĀXQODUà V·\ OHGL ĥ6DYXQPD 6DQD\LL 0½VWHĀDUOàØàģQD YH 6D\àQ 0½VWHĀDUàPà]D ¨RN WHĀHNN½U HGL\RUX] .RQX\OD LOJLOL KDVVDVL\HWL YH VDPLPL GHVWHNOHUL EL]L FHVDUHWOHQGLUGL YH J½YHQLPL]L DUWàUGà ßQĀDOODK EX ¨DOàĀPDOD UàQ EXJ½Q EDĀODQJàFàQà JHU¨HNOHĀWLUL\RUX] 0½PN½Q RODQ HQ NàVD ]DPDQGD GD EXQXQ GHYDPàQà JHWLUPH\L DU]X HGL\RUX] Ħ GHGL
o6RQXQD NDGDU GHVWHNOH\HFHðL]p
267ß0 <·QHWLP .XUXOX %DĀNDQà 2U KDQ $\GàQ SURMH\H W½P LPNDQODUOD GHV WHN YHUHFHNOHULQLQ DOWàQà ¨L]GL $\GàQ 7½UNL\Hģ\H ·QHPOL ND]DQàPODU VDØOD\DFDN SURMH\H LOLĀNLQ ĥ%X SURMHQLQ ½ONHPL]H YDWDQàPà]D PLOOHWLPL]H LVWLNODO YH LVWLN EDO L¨LQ KHSLPL]H KD\àUOà ROPDVàQà GLOL \RUXP +RFDPàQ 267ß0ģGH X]XQ \àOODU HPHN YHUGLØL EX SURMHQLQ KD\DWD JH¨PLĀ ROPDVàQD YHVLOH ROGXØXQX] L¨LQ VL]OHUH ¨RN WHĀHNN½U HGL\RUXP %L] 267ß0ģGHNL W½P LPNDQ YH NDELOL\HWOHULPL]OH EX SURMHQLQ KD\DWD JH¨PHVL L¨LQ KRFDPàQ HPULQGH ROD FDØà] YH VRQXQD NDGDU GD GHVWHN¨LVL ROD FDØà] %XQX ELOPHQL]L LVWL\RUXP KHSLQL]H WHĀHNN½U HGHULP Ħ GHØHUOHQGLUPHVLQGH EXOXQGX