Airports of the future are here
dallas — No matter how well-regarded a particular airport happens to be, the slog from curb to cabin is pretty much the same wherever you go. A decades-old paradigm of queues, security screens, snack vendors, and gate-waiting prevails — the only difference is the level of stress. Transiting a modern hub such as Munich or Seoul is more easily endured than threading your way through the perpetual construction zones that pass for airports around New York.
The sky portal of the 2040s, however, is likely to be free of such delights. Many of us will be driven to the terminal by autonomous cars; our eyes, faces, and fingers will be scanned; and our bags will have a permanent ID that allows them to be whisked from our homes before we
One day, the airport will know everything about everyone moving in the airport Seth Young, director of Centre for Aviation Studies at Ohio State University Today it’s what you call a transient space — it’s not a space to be in, it’s a space for you to move through Jonathan Massey, Aviation leader for Corgan
even set out. Some of these airports will no longer be relegated to the outskirts of town — they will merge with city centres, becoming new destination “cities” within a city for people without travel plans. Shall we get dinner, watch a movie, see a concert, shop? People will choose to go to the airport. Your employer may even relocate there.
These are the types of infrastructure investments and technologies that will, in theory, allow airports to largely eradicate the dreaded waiting. Travellers will migrate around the terminal faster and see fewer walls and physical barriers thanks to the abundance of sophisticated sensors, predicts Dallas-based architecture and design firm Corgan. The company recently assembled its concepts of how airports will evolve, based on extensive research of passenger experiences at various airports and the greater role technology may play.
One day, the airport will know “everything about everyone moving in the airport,” said Seth Young, director of the Centre for Aviation Studies at Ohio State University. The goal will be to deploy “a security infrastructure that’s constantly screening people from the door to the gate, and not having this tollbooth mentality,” he said.
“We know that 99.9 per cent of the passengers are clean, so why are we wasting time screening all of those?”
Much of this technology is likely to be seen outside the US first, given the advanced age of most American airports and the more robust infrastructure funding available in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. In the 2017 Skytrax awards, only 14 airports in the US even made the top 100.
One can look to Singapore for a glimpse of how airports will change over the next 20 years. Changi Airport, a pioneer of the industry, recently opened a “living lab” to pursue further innovation. In March, it was named the world’s best airport for the fifth consecutive year by Skytrax. One reason airports tend to look and function remarkably alike is that they’re designed to accommodate air travel infrastructure — security, passenger ticketing, baggage, ground transport — with the primary concerns being safety and minimal overhead for their tenant airlines.
“Today it’s what you call a transient space — it’s not a space to be in, it’s a space for you to move through,” said Jonathan Massey, the aviation leader for Corgan, which has overseen the design of major terminals worldwide, including Atlanta, Dallas, Shanghai, Dalian, China, and Los Angeles. “We need to evolve the terminals into being little cities.”
“The big, big issue,” said Dwight Pullen, is luggage. Pullen, national director of aviation at Skanska USA, a construction firm with numerous airport projects, including the renovation of New York’s infamous LaGuardia, said: “Think about how much infrastructure and
We’re rapidly moving towards a day when your fingerprint, iris, or face will become the only Id you’ll need for any number of transactions throughout a given day Gil West, chief operating officer of Delta Air Lines
technology and time is spent on bags. It’s a huge issue. It’s not one that has been figured out.”
Changi Airport’s new Terminal 4, which will open later this year, will feature an array of “fast and seamless travel” (FAST) technologies to speed people-processing without the need for human supervision, from face-recognition software to automated bag-tagging and checking.
Two US carriers, Delta Air Lines and JetBlue Airways, recently began trials of biometrics data as a way to speed your way. JetBlue is testing facial recognition equipment in Boston to match travellers with their passports and visa photos, while Delta just began trials of a similar system for bag drops at its Minneapolis-St Paul hub. Delta is also trying out fingerprints as a potential future replacement for boarding passes and ID and, via its mobile app, now offers customers real-time maps showing their checked bags’ location.
“We’re rapidly moving towards a day when your fingerprint, iris, or face will become the only ID you’ll need for any number of transactions throughout a given day,” said Gil West, Delta Air Lines’ chief operating officer.
Amid all this increased efficiency, airports are also keen to have people linger so they’ll buy more stuff — and that means a continuous focus on more upscale retail options. “The number of passengers that flow through airports really rivals any other mechanism out there that can congregate that many customers in one place,” says Ken Buchanan, executive vicepresident of revenue management for Dallas-Fort Worth International, the fourth-largest US airport by passenger numbers. “It’s like having a Super Bowl worth of people every single day.”
But while technology helps make the airport experience more pleasant, the size of that captive audience may begin shrinking due to, well, technology.
One thing that may thin out the terminal crowds is cars. Ohio State’s Young and others see a day when autonomous vehicles — and air taxis of the sort Uber envisions — will siphon off a chunk of shorter flights that are 500 miles or less. For US airports, the ascension of self-driving cars will create a costly conundrum: how to replace parking revenue, which typically represents a quarter of annual airport budgets.
To find new revenue, airport executives will need to attract dollars in other ways, via dining, shopping, and entertainment.