How hysteroscopy helps in treatment of uterine complications
Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows a gynecologist to look inside the uterus in order to diagnose and treat causes of abnormal bleeding. Hysteroscopy is done using a hysteroscope — a thin lighted tube that is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus.
Why is hysteroscopy done?
Hysteroscopy is done to find the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding such as menstrual periods heavier or longer than usual. It may be performed to correct the following uterine conditions:
> Polyps and fibroids — growths found in the uterus.
> Adhesions — also known as Asherman’s syndrome. Adhesion bands or scar tissue form in the uterus leading to changes in menstrual flow as well as infertility. Hysteroscopy can help locate and remove the adhesions.
> Septums — Hysteroscopy can help diagnose a uterine septum, a malformation of the uterus that is present from birth.
> Infertility — tubal blockage at uterine end can be opened through hysteroscopy by cornual cannulation
> Abnormal bleeding — Hysteroscopy can help identify the cause of heavy or lengthy menstrual flow, as well as bleeding between periods. > Postmenopausal bleeding
> Removal of foreign body or a missing IUCD
What are the benefits of hysteroscopy?
Compared with other, more invasive procedures, hysteroscopy may provide the following advantages: > Shorter hospital stay
> Shorter recovery time
> Less pain medication needed after surgery
> Avoidance of hysterectomy
> Possible avoidance of open abdominal surgery
How safe is hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a relatively safe procedure. However, as with any type of surgery, complications are possible. With hysteroscopy, complications occur in less than one per cent of the cases.
When should the procedure be performed?
It may be recommended to schedule the hysteroscopy for the first week after the menstrual period. This timing will provide with the best view of the inside of the uterus.
How is hysteroscopy performed?
The hysteroscope is inserted through vagina and cervix into the uterus. Fluid is then inserted into the uterus, through the hysteroscope, to expand it and to clear away any blood or mucus. A light shone through the hysteroscope allows visualising inside of uterus. If surgery needs to be performed, small instruments are inserted into the uterus through the hysteroscope.
The time it takes to perform hysteroscopy can range from less than five minutes to an hour. The length of the procedure depends on whether it is diagnostic or operative and whether an additional procedure, such as laparoscopy, is planned at the same time.
What can one expect after the procedure?
If regional or general anesthesia is used during your procedure, one may have to be observed for several hours before going home. After the procedure may have some cramping or slight vaginal bleeding for a day or two.