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There are certain times in our lives when we’re prone to putting on a few pounds. Here’s how to jump over the common weight-gain hurdles ...from puberty to peri-menopause and beyond.

GENES: Obesity-susceptibility genes, such as FTO (a fat mass and obesity-associated gene), exist, making people more likely to give in to hunger pangs and high-calorie foods. But overall scientists say a person’s genetic make-up has a limited effect. UNDERACTIVE THYROID: The thyroid affects the metabolism. Too much of the hormone thyroxin causes weight loss, while too little causes weight gain. POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME: This causes an imbalance of the female hormones and an excess of the male hormone testosterone, causing weight gain. MEDICATION: Some antidepressants and corticosteroid tablets, used to treat certain inflammatory conditions, can cause an increase in appetite. WHY? According to the International Menopause Society, women in mid-life typically gain an average of 1lb a year, so a woman entering perimenopause at 45 could easily be 10lb heavier by the time she is 55. The drop in oestrogen levels has the effect of redistributing body fat, so excess pounds tend to settle round the waist as unwelcome “middle-aged spread”.

“Years of yo-yo dieting also catch up with you at this time and it becomes harder to shift excess weight,” says Dr Norton. COMBAT IT: Most women need about 200 fewer calories a day in their 50s than they did in their 30s and 40s.

“Acknowledge the changes that are occurring and concentrate on nutrients rather than embarking on a faddy diet or calorie counting,” advises Dr Norton.

“It’s vital to also stay active and continue doing weight-bearing exercise which will also protect your bones as well as muscle mass.

“Most importantly, speak to your GP about HRT if you are experiencing menopause symptoms.

“It can really help and the benefits far outweigh the risks,” she adds.

“Research studies have identified that losing just 5% of your body weight can improve your glucose control, helping those with diabetes and perhaps reducing the risk for those on the verge of developing it.”