Eastern Eye (UK)

‘Digital tag for land will sideline rural people’

EXPERTS CITE OUTDATED DATABASE AS INDIA PLANS TO LINK INDIVIDUAL PLOT NUMBERS TO BANK AND AADHAR RECORDS

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PLANS by the Indian government to assign digital identifica­tion numbers to plots of land could exclude rural and indigenous people who do not hold titles, and further marginalis­e those without internet access, experts said.

The 14-digit Unique Land Parcel Identifica­tion Number (ULPIN) was launched in 10 states earlier this year and will be rolled out across the country by March 2022, authoritie­s at the Department of Land Resources told parliament this week.

The ULPIN will be based on the latitude and longitude of each parcel of land and will rely on surveys and cadastral maps, authoritie­s said. Individual plot numbers will also be linked to bank records and the national ID Aadhaar numbers, they said.

Officials have billed the programme as a way to tackle corruption and land disputes, but critics warned of many potential pitfalls – from outdated land registry records to flaws in the Aadhaar database.

Linking land records to Aadhaar requires “extreme caution”, said Kanchi Kohli, a senior researcher at the Centre for Policy and Research think-tank, citing frequent cases of mismatched IDs, or a lack of registrati­on in the system. “It may further complicate existing tensions in creating and maintainin­g land records, and gets particular­ly exclusiona­ry when land is being used seasonally by pastoral communitie­s or common use for forest produce or fishing,” she added.

The land ID scheme is part of a push to digitalise India’s land records that began in 2008 and was scheduled to be completed by the end of March this year. It will now be extended to 2024, authoritie­s said.

Land department officials told lawmakers digitalisi­ng land records was “a game changer in reducing corruption” as well as land disputes, saying it empowered ordinary people by allowing them to access informatio­n online.

About 70 per cent of land in developing nations is undocument­ed, leaving more than a quarter of the world’s population vulnerable to disputes, evictions and encroachme­nt, according to the Washington­based land rights nonprofit Cadasta Foundation.

While documentin­g land data can lead to greater efficiency in land administra­tion and increased prosperity, authoritie­s may not be consulting communitie­s, failing to secure data, or using it to evict vulnerable people, human rights groups say.

Some Indian states have not surveyed their land in more than a century, and experts have questioned the logic of digitalisi­ng existing records, and raised concerns over data access and privacy as records are made accessible online.

Pranab Choudhury, convener at the Centre for Land Governance think-tank, said the digital ID scheme was potentiall­y beneficial but could become ineffectiv­e “and even highly contested” if it was based on outdated records. “Many plots have been subdivided since the last survey, yet remain as one plot in cadastral maps. Subdivisio­ns are often not recorded to avoid transactio­n cost, so ULPIN should be implemente­d only after a complete resurvey,” he said.

In addition, women, Dalits and indigenous people who are often prevented from owning land risk being shut out, he added.

“Implementi­ng ULPIN hurriedly, without addressing legacy issues can seriously undermine citizen trust and may lead to more disputes. The poor and other disadvanta­ged groups may be further alienated and excluded,” he added.

 ??  ?? CONFUSIO : The uniq ID scheme ould omplicate matters where land in used easonally by astoral communitie­s, ay xperts
CONFUSIO : The uniq ID scheme ould omplicate matters where land in used easonally by astoral communitie­s, ay xperts

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