BBC Science Focus

Solving the plastic problem

By 2050 there could be more plastic in the sea than fish. With Blue Planet II airing this month, we take a look at some genius inventions that could help clean up our oceans

- WORDS: JOSH GABBATISS

We investigat­e the innovative technology that could clean up our oceans.

T here are over five trillion pieces of plastic in the world’s oceans. The floating island of rubbish that’s supposedly found at the centre of the Pacific Ocean, dubbed the 'Great Pacific Garbage Patch', has captured the public's imaginatio­n, but even this doesn't do justice to the problem. In reality, if you stood on a boat at that site you would see no enormous plastic island, but rat her endless tiny fragments floating on the surface of the ocean. According to one estimate, this plastic soup covers an area twice the size of the continenta­l United States. As plastic moves through our seas it breaks down into smaller pieces — the kind of pieces that can easily be swallowed by marine life. And the problems continue beneath the surface. Scientists are increasing­ly finding deposits of plastic at the bottom of the oceans, even as far down as the 10km-deep Mariana Trench in the Pacific. The facts are horrifying, but many of the impacts that plastic will have on ocean ecosystems, marine creatures and, by associatio­n, us, remain to be seen. Scientists and entreprene­urs are currently working on ways to halt the flow of plastic into our oceans, and get rid of the stuff that's already there, before the problem gets even worse.

CAPTURE IT

Perhaps the most to the plastic pro clean up what's course clean-up important," says Thompson, head Internatio­nal M Research Unit at University, "and reaction as hum made a mess." St wildly in scale, cleans' to large projects launche The Ocean Clear The Ocean Cle initially conceiv natural response blem is to try to already there. "Of is really Prof Richard of the a rine Litter Plymouth it's our first ins when we've ch reactions vary from local 'beach scale, high-tech d by the likes of up. anup was ed by the then

“If I were a rich philanthro­pist, I would be putting 99 per cent of my money into stopping the flow [of rubbish], and 1 per cent into clean-up”

18-year-old Dutch entreprene­ur $Q[CP 5NCV * KU JKIJN[ CODKVKQWU project aims to use huge barriers to passively trap plastic as it moves around ocean gyres – the large circulatin­g currents that keep the HNQCVKPI RNCUVKE KP RNCEG $[ CPEJQTKPI the barriers in deep, slow-moving water, the idea is that the system will move slower than the plastic surroundin­g it, allowing the debris to CEEWOWNCVG CICKPUV VJG DCTTKGT 6JG team behind the project estimates that deployment of their systems could clean up approximat­ely 50 per cent of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch within HKXG [GCTU +VoU CP GZEKVKPI RTQRQUCN and one that has captured people’s imaginatio­ns, most notably venture ECRKVCNKUV­U NKMG 2GVGT 6JKGN YJQ JCXG followed through on this enthusiasm YKVJ UK\GCDNG ECUJ KPLGEVKQPU + P VQVCN 6JG 1EGCP %NGCPWR JCU TGEGKXGF

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Dr Matthew Savoca, who studies the effects of plastic pollution on marine NKHG CV VJG 01## 5QWVJYGUV (KUJGTKGU 5EKGPEG %GPVGT JCU C OQTG RQUKVKXG VCMG p#UUWOKPI KV FQGUPoV UEQQR WR more ocean life than plastic, why not IKXG KV C UJQV!q JG UC[U p*QYGXGT + VJKPM =6JG 1EGCP %NGCPWR? YQWNF DG most effective at or near the mouths of large commercial harbours and at the mouths of rivers, since we know that’s how most plastic gets out to sea in the HKTUV RNCEG q 9JKNG VJKU KU PQV VJG stated aim of that project, a far smaller device – the Seabin – has been FGUKIPGF D[ VYQ #WUVTCNKCPU VQ ENGCP WR TWDDKUJ KP LWUV UWEJ CTGCU 7UKPI solar-powered pumps, Seabins sit at the surface of the water and suck in the debris that accumulate­s around JCTDQWTU CPF QVJGT UGCUKFG UVTWEVWTGU

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 ??  ?? The barriers that The Ocean Cleanup will deploy measure 1-2km in length and aim to capture larger plastics before they degrade
The barriers that The Ocean Cleanup will deploy measure 1-2km in length and aim to capture larger plastics before they degrade

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