Moths in decline

Determined to use her talents to draw attention to the plight of English moths, artist Sarah Gillespie spent two years researching, drawing and engraving these often-overlooked creatures. Although these images look a bit like photographs, Gillespie actually used a technique called mezzotint to create each print. Mezzotint is a labour-intensive engraving technique used widely between the 17th and early 19th centuries. Each print is created using a copper plate, worked over with a fine-toothed tool (a ‘rocker’) so that the entire surface is roughened. Creating different tones then involves gradually rubbing down the rough surface of the plate to various degrees of smoothness; this reduces the inkholding capacity of certain areas.

Moths play vital roles in their ecosystems as pollinators, recyclers and food for bats and songbirds. Moth caterpillars are an especially important part of the diet of young chicks, including those of most of our familiar garden birds, including blue and great tits, robins, wrens and blackbirds. Yet in just 35 years, the British moth population has been reduced by a third due to a mixture of habitat loss, intensive farming, commercial forestry and light pollution. It’s thought that since 1914, around 62 species of moth have become extinct in Britain alone. Numbers of the wellknown garden tiger, the pink-striped blood-vein and the white ermine have decreased by 92 per cent, 73 per cent and 70 per cent respectively.

The exhibition, Sarah Gillespie: Moth, will be held at Castle Howard, North Yorkshire, from 29 May to 5 September.

The white ermine moth can be found in most rural and urban habitats, and generally flies from May to July. According to Butterfly Conservation, numbers are down by 70 per cent

The small phoenix moth, identifiable by its dark, wedge-shaped markings, is common in the British Isles