60 SECOND FACT FILE

WHAT IS THE MENOPAUSE?

It’s a normal biological stage that happens when you stop menstruating and reach the end of your natural reproductive life. It’s defined as when you haven’t had a period for 12 consecutive months. After this time, you’re considered to be postmenopausal, but you might experience symptoms for many more years to come.

WHAT AGE DOES IT START?

Normally between 45 and 55, when your oestrogen levels decline; the average age in the UK is 51. But symptoms such as changes in cycle length, worsening PMS, hot flushes, night sweats and changes in sex drive can happen years beforehand: this is known as the perimenopause. The age your mother went through the menopause may offer clues, as it’s partly influenced by genetics, but smoking, ethnicity and having ovarian surgery or chemotherapy also have an impact.

WHAT’S AN EARLY MENOPAUSE?

About one in 100 women experience a premature menopause before the age of 40. If you’re experiencing symptoms before the age of 45, see your GP as you may have an increased risk of osteoporosis and heart disease.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?

Periods stopping is just one of many. Hot flushes, night sweats and insomnia are common complaints, but it’s estimated there are more than 40 symptoms, which can include vaginal dryness, low mood or anxiety, reduced libido, palpitations, joint stiffness, UTIS and problems with memory and concentration.

HOW IS MENOPAUSE DIAGNOSED?

According to NICE guidelines, all GPS should treat women aged over 45 based on their symptoms, with no need for blood tests (which can show false readings due to regular hormone fluctuations).