Prepare for winter

“Putting the garden to bed” isn’t what it used to be — let nature do its work

How gardening practices have changed, with sustainability and wildlife much more in mind. It used to be that gardeners would rush to “winterise” everything — and certainly, some tasks can be done now. But remember that everything we do has a knock-on effect on wildlife, so don’t be in a rush to tidy up!

■ Fallen leaves It’s best to rake them up off lawns, as they can encourage fungal diseases, and leaf mould is a doddle to make (see my column of two weeks ago). I leave deciduous leaves on beds and let the worms do the work.

■ Dividing and moving Autumn’s a fine time for dividing hardy perennials. Large clumps can be lifted and divided (into fist-sized chunks — keep the young vigorous growth) and popped into gaps in borders. Small shrubs can easily be lifted and moved if they’re in the wrong spot.

■ Cutting back perennials and grasses I leave perennials untouched as they add interest and offer protection to wildlife. Grasses, too, often look their best in winter. If a perennial gets too messy for you, cut it back to the ground.

■ Mulching Done year on year, mulching turns a poor soil into a fertile, moisture-retentive one. Use well-rotted horse manure, composted bark (pictured above), home-made compost, leaf mould or mushroom compost. The key is not to skimp. Mulch beds to around 50mm, and avoid piling it up against woody stems.

■ Ponds Cut back overhanging foliage to stop it falling into the water, as the rotting leaves will make it smell and reduce the water quality. Cover small ponds with a fine net. Job done!