Student of tine types

I recently finished my level 1 course. I know what the caudal disc is on roe and sika, but can you explain what the caudal tine is on an antler and to which species in the UK does it apply?

The caudal tine is a name sometimes given to the upper tine in some genus of deer. As far as the UK is concerned, it has been applied to roe, red and sika. Several of the measuring systems used across the world apply different names to the upper tines. An example would be the use of the term ‘fighting tine’ for the front tine of roe, which is how the CIC method describes that tine.

Caudal tines are most often associated with the Burkett method, an American system that since 1992 has been called the Buckhorn Trophy Game Records of the World. The method is considered complex to operate and it doesn’t seem to be greatly used outside of the US. Where a multi-tined antler is looked at, a decision is made as to what is determined as the main beam, what is the first caudal tine and the second caudal tine. Where the second caudal is forked, the fork is designated the secondary caudal tine. IW

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Here is a roe head illustrating the first caudal tine in red and the secondary caudal tine in yellow. As you can see, the secondary one in this case is small; using the Burkett system, the rear tine would be classed as the second caudal tine