We must not sleepwalk into a global education crisis
Covid-19 has been an earthquake along the already fraught fault lines of global education. The result is a deep chasm into which the most vulnerable have fallen: 1.6 billion children were out of education at the height of school closures.
If we do not act now with new tactics and strategies, including changes to the way we deliver aid, the young will face a tsunami of looming poverty that will wipe away their opportunities and future prosperity. If we do not act now, we should not expect their forgiveness.
About 53 per cent of children suffer from learning poverty – this includes those who are not in school and those who are unable to read and understand a simple story by the age of 10. The pandemic is projected to force an additional 10 per cent of students into learning poverty. Current estimates predict that the students currently in school could stand to lose a combined $10 trillion (£7 trillion) in earnings due to the learning deficit.
At the same time, global GDP fell by around 3.3 per cent last year due to the pandemic, which increased levels of poverty and slashed public spending. The knock-on effect is forcing more children, especially girls, out of school forever. Such disruptions and high levels of learning poverty are alarming signs that the progress is under grave threat.
With its challenges for learning, the pandemic also offers a window of opportunity to prioritise investment in people by building resilient and equitable education systems that address learning poverty. Any investment must have a sharp focus on equity and cost-effectiveness, especially in poor and vulnerable settings.
The benefits are clear: investing in learning outcomes is central to building human capital which drives productivity, prosperity and progress. Every year of schooling raises a person’s earnings by 10 per cent and boosts a country’s GDP by 18 per cent. If all adults had just two more years of schooling, nearly 60 million people could escape poverty.
Education and innovation are the currencies of the 21st century, with digitalisation shaping the future
So, it is heartening to see that many countries rolled out drastic measures to deploy remote learning solutions during the pandemic. Sadly, the virtual space further exposed the widening disparities between students with resources and those lacking them. It is no surprise that a recent Unesco survey found that half of students found remote learning solutions difficult to use. It underscores that we must prioritise the learning outcomes of children from marginalised backgrounds given their high exposure to increased inequalities.
But any such interventions alone, however effective, are not enough. Current shrinking economic activity, heavy debt burdens and depleting revenues are limiting governments from investing in human capital for long-term development. We need a fundamental shift in the way we provide funds to support developing countries in coping with these challenges and in building their resilience, which is integral to the recovery and strengthening of their education systems.
To assist with this, we have developed a Universal Vulnerability Index which could transform eligibility for development finance. We must move beyond the narrow analysis of GDP and per capita income as criteria for assessing entitlement to support a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of broader factors that tend to amplify vulnerability and diminish resilience.
As we successfully conclude the Global Education Summit, it is a pivotal moment for the international community to reform measures of eligibility for accessing development finance. Continuing with business as usual will squander many advances already made and will jeopardise potential progress which is so sorely needed.
Education and innovation are the currencies of the 21st century, with digitalisation shaping the future of work, learning, trade, cooperation and societal affairs. To avoid repeating the same mistakes, we must accelerate investment in digital literacy, connectivity for schools, qualified teachers, hybrid learning solutions and online opportunities for young people based on principles of equity, inclusion and gender equality.
In these challenging times, the world needs a bold, fresh and evidence-based vision for education led by awareness, data and action, while aiming for every new investment not simply to improve learning outcomes but to multiply them.
We need to tackle this learning crisis with the same rigour, resolve and resourcefulness that has been demonstrated against Covid-19. We need to work together to guarantee no child, anywhere, is robbed of their future.
Riding the wave simply is not enough. We need to make it our own, a tsunami of hope, rather than despair, whilst the window of opportunity is still available to us.
Patricia Scotland is secretary general of the Commonwealth
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