Swollen Ankles And Feet

Our health writer, Jackie Mitchell, talks to an expert on possible causes.

MOST of us suffer from puffy ankles and feet from time to time as a result of extreme heat, a long-haul flight or by standing or sitting in one position for too long.

This is caused by a build-up of water in these areas called “oedema”, which comes from the Greek word for swelling.

Other causes of oedema include eating too much salty food, being overweight, wearing constrictive clothing or taking certain medication such as some blood pressure medicines, antidepressants or steroids.

In addition to swollen or puffy ankles, other symptoms may include shiny, stretched or red skin.

It can also cause discomfort, stiffness and skin problems.

Dr Gary Bartlett says, “The condition can also be caused by an injury such as an ankle sprain or strain or a reaction to an insect bite or sting.

“It can also be an indication of underlying illness such as an infection or heart problems.

“The worst case scenario is a blood clot or deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

A blood clot in the leg is considered a medical emergency as it can travel from the leg to the lungs, which is life-threatening.

“If the ankle and leg swelling is the same on both sides, a blood clot is less likely as they normally affect only a single leg and it is rare to get a blood clot in both.”

If the swelling is only in one ankle, foot or leg, you should seek urgent medical advice.

This also applies if the swelling is severe, painful or starts suddenly, the swollen area is red or feels hot (as this could indicate cellulitis or a blood clot), you have diabetes or a very high temperature and you feel unwell, feverish, hot and shivery, as this could mean an infection.

Swelling in your ankles, feet or legs should go away on its own depending on the cause, but there are measures you can take to ease the condition.

Exercise such as walking is a great idea to improve blood flow in the legs.

Wear wide, comfortable shoes with a low heel and soft sole.

When you are sitting watching TV or reading in bed, use pillows or cushions to raise the swollen area.

“Avoid standing or sitting for long periods of time, and if the condition hasn’t improved after a few days, see your GP,” Dr Bartlett advises.

“Treatment for oedema depends on the cause.

“It may include lifestyle changes such as losing weight, increasing your exercise or going on a low salt diet.”

Your GP may review your medication to see if the oedema is due to a side effect of any medicines you are taking and may advise on alternatives.

“I do see patients with ankle swelling due to certain blood pressure medication,” Dr Bartlett adds.

“Your GP will decide if you need any medication to help eliminate the build-up of fluids.

“Tests may be conducted to determine the cause of the ankle swelling.” ■