On this day

1453: The Hundred Years War ended when the French defeated the English at Castillon.

1717: George I, Hanoverian king of England, held a public concert on the Thames for Handel to conduct his hour-long Water Music. The king enjoyed it so much he asked for two complete encores.

1841: The first issue of the magazine Punch was published in London.

1889: Erle Stanley Gardner, the US author and lawyer who created Perry Mason, was born.

1917: The British Royal Family adopted the name House of Windsor in place of House of Saxe-Coburg Gotha.

1945: The Potsdam Conference began with world leaders Truman, Stalin and Churchill planning for the future peace at the end of the Second World War.

1955: Walt Disney’s Disneyland was opened in California.

1959: Billie Holiday, pictured, jazz singer, was arrested on her death bed in hospital for possession of narcotics. She died later that day.

1969: Oh Calcutta!, the sex revue devised by theatre critic Kenneth Tynan, opened in New York. Critic Clive Barnes said that the show gave pornography a dirty name.

1975: An international space link-up between US astronauts and Soviet cosmonauts took place when they crossed over from their docked spacecraft and shook hands 140 miles above Britain’s south coast.

2017: Scientists discovered two genes linked to a person’s risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, which could help in the hunt to find a cure for the condition, it was revealed.