The Press and Journal (Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire)
Europe bids to toughen response to war
Europe has pushed to toughen its response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, with Sweden following Finland in deciding to seek Nato membership and EU officials working to rescue proposed sanctions that would target Russian oil exports helping to finance the war.
On the ground, Ukrainian troops resisted attempted Russian advances and even rolled back front lines.
In a small but symbolic boost for Ukrainian morale, a patrol of soldiers recorded triumphant video of their push right up to the Russian border in the region of Kharkiv.
Ukrainian forces have already driven Russian troops back from the region’s capital.
As fighting raged, international efforts to respond to Russia’s aggression continued to pick up pace.
Swedish officials announced their intention to seek Nato membership – following a similar decision from its neighbour Finland.
Those are seismic developments for the Nordic countries that have traditionally positioned themselves as militarily “non-aligned”.
Russian president Vladimir Putin has looked grimly upon the alliance’s post-Cold War expansion in eastern Europe, seeing it as a threat.
But if the invasion was meant as a check on Nato, it appears to have backfired – by driving Sweden and Finland into Nato’s arms and pushing members of the alliance to send massive shipments of weapons to Ukraine.
Yet the Russian leader yesterday seemed to brush off that setback, saying “there is no direct threat to Russia created by the expansion involving these countries”.
“But the expansion of military infrastructure on to this territory will of course give rise to our reaction in response,” he said.
Nato’s secretary-general Jens Stoltenberg has said the membership process for Finland and Sweden could be very quick – though member Turkey has cast doubts over the move.
Swedish prime minister Magdalena Andersson said joining the 30-member military alliance was her country’s best defence in the face of Russian behaviour.
“Unfortunately, we have no reason to believe the trend (of Russia’s actions) will reverse in the foreseeable future,” she said.
As well as sending military aid to Ukraine, Europe is also working to choke off funding for the Kremlin’s war, by reducing the billions of dollars it spends on imports of Russian energy.
But a proposed EU embargo on imports of Russian oil faces opposition from a small group of countries led by Hungary, which is one of a number of landlocked countries that are highly dependent on the imports, along with the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Bulgaria also has reservations.
“We will do our best in order to deblock the situation,” EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said.
“I cannot ensure that it is going to happen because positions are quite strong.”
Mr Stoltenberg said on Sunday the war “is not going as Moscow had planned”.
“Ukraine can win this war,” he added – a remarkable assessment that would have been unthinkable for many on the eve of the invasion.
But Russia has been plagued by a series of setbacks, most glaringly in its failure to overrun Kyiv, the capital, in the early stages of its February 24 invasion.
Since then, much of the fighting has shifted to the Donbas, Ukraine’s eastern industrial heartland.
Determining a full picture of the unfolding battle there is difficult.
Air strikes and artillery barrages make it extremely dangerous for reporters to move around, and reporting is restricted by Ukraine and the Moscow-backed separatists it has been fighting in the Donbas for eight years.
The two sides have been fighting village by village in parts.
Ukrainian forces have ground down the Russians, but are taking losses too.
In the Luhansk region of the Donbas, strikes hit a hospital in Severodonetsk, killing two and wounding nine, including a child, the regional military command said yesterday.