Girl has hearing restored in ‘one and done’ gene therapy
A girl has had her hearing restored after becoming the first person in the world to take part in a ground-breaking new gene therapy trial.
Opal Sandy, aged 18 months, was born completely deaf due to a genetic form of auditory neuropathy, which is caused by the disruption of nerve impulses travelling from the inner ear to the brain.
Now, thanks to a “one and done” gene therapy being trialled in the UK and worldwide, Opal’s hearing is almost normal – and could even improve further.
The little girl, from Oxfordshire, was treated at Addenbrooke’s Hospital, which is part of Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
Professor Manohar Bance, an ear surgeon at the trust and chief investigator for the trial, said the results were “better than I hoped or expected” and may cure patients with this type of deafness. He said: “We have results from (Opal) which are very spectacular – so close to normal hearing restoration. So we do hope it could be a potential cure.”
Auditory neuropathy can be caused by a fault in the OTOF gene, which is responsible for making a protein called otoferlin. This enables cells in the ear to communicate with the hearing nerve.
To overcome the fault, the “new era” gene therapy – from biotech firm Regeneron – delivers a working copy of the gene to the ear.
In Opal’s case, she received an infusion containing the working gene to her right ear during surgery last September.
Her parents Jo and James, both 33, noticed improvements to her hearing in four weeks when Opal turned her head to loud clapping.
“When she first turned, I couldn’t believe it,” Mrs Sandy said. “I thought it was a fluke or like a change in light or something, but I repeated it a few times.
“I picked my phone up and texted James, and said ‘I think it’s working’. I was absolutely gobsmacked. I thought it was a fluke.”
Some 24 weeks after surgery, in February, tests in Cambridge showed Opal could also hear soft sounds such as a whisper.
“The audiologist played back some of the sounds that she was responding to and they were ridiculously quiet sort of sounds that in the real world wouldn’t catch your attention during a conversation,” Mrs Sandy said.
“She’s definitely responding more to sort of what we would call functional sounds rather than just sounds that we use to test her.
“We were told she had near normal hearing last time – I think they got responses at sort of 25 to 30 decibels. I think normal hearing is classed at 20 decibels, so she’s not far off. Before, she had no hearing whatsoever.”
Prof Bance said Opal’s hearing is now “close to normal”, adding: “We hope she’ll get back to normal by the next testing.” He added the treatment is “a one-and-done therapy, so hopefully you have your treatment and then you go back to your life”.
A second child also received the treatment with positive results.