What you need to know about osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It develops slowly and is often diagnosed after a fall or sudden impact causes a bone to break. Broken wrist, hip or spinal bones are the most common injuries.

Who is affected?

Osteoporosis affects more than three million people. More than 500,000 receive hospital treatment every year for “fragility fractures” or breaking bones after falling from standing height or less.

Osteoporosis is more common in older people, particularly women.

Why are women more affected?

The female hormone oestrogen is essential for healthy bones, and after the menopause, oestrogen levels fall. This can lead to a decrease in bone density.

Are there other risk factors?

Disorders of the hormone-producing glands – such as an overactive thyroid – mean a higher risk of developing osteoporosis. However, family history, long-term use of high-dose steroid tablets, eating disorders, and rheumatoid arthritis are just a few of the other factors thought to increase the risk.

Are there preventative measures?

Although your genes determine your height and the strength of your skeleton, according to the NHS, lifestyle factors including diet and exercise can influence the health of your bones. Regular workouts, particularly weight-bearing and resistance exercises, and a diet rich with calcium and vitamin D can both be beneficial.