Religious leader a supreme exponent of the Christian faith

LORD Habgood, who as Archbishop of York and second in the Church of England hierarchy for 12 years until 1995, was the most outspoken and effective ecclesiastical figure of his age.

It was his “liberal” tendencies, combined with a prickly intellect, which probably saw the denial of the highest office open to him as the Archbishop of Canterbury.

This is generally thought to be the reason why Margaret Thatcher, who regarded him as too “wet” in political terms for her tastes, would not recommend him for the Canterbury primacy.

Yet, oddly, Thatcher had recommended him for the York Archbishopric and made the unprecedented gesture of attending his enthronement in York Minster.

The assessment of him by Lord Hailsham, the Conservative politician and Lord Chancellor, was that he was “the only bishop with an intellectual background of the highest class”. It was seen as a welldeserved accolade for a man who was too modest and self-effacing ever to complain that he had been passed over.

Habgood’s practical achievements were notable. His sensitive handling of the situation created by the ordination of women - in which he believed - won him the admiration even of former critics.

But his supreme contribution was as an exponent of Christian faith and morals in a secular age.

Habgood had a scientific background and clearly regarded many of the stories on which Christian doc- trines are based as being true allegorically rather than literally.

As a scientist he had difficulty in asserting the literal truth of supernatural events said to have occurred long ago, in times even more credulous than today.

John Stapylton Habgood was born on June 23, 1927. He was educated at Eton, King’s College, Cambridge, where he obtained a double-first in natural sciences, and at Cuddesdon Theological College, Oxford. His scientific background was when he was Demonstrator in Pharmacology, at Cambridge University from 1950 to 1953.

His ecclesiastical career began in earnest after that. He was curate at St Mary Abbots, Kensington (1954-56), Vice-Principal Westcott House, Cambridge (1956-62), Rector, St John’s Church, Jedburgh (1962-67), Principal Queen’s College, Birmingham (1967-73) and Bishop of Durham (1973-83).

He annoyed the traditionalists of the Prayer Book Society while he was at Durham by leading the working party which brought about the modernisation of liturgy in the Alternative Service Book.

It was as Archbishop of York, from 1983, that his liberal credentials became clear. He backed moves to allow the remarriage of divorced people in church and to permit the relicensing of remarried priests who had been divorced.

Habgood favoured the ordination of women and supported the idea that a guaranteed number of General Synod places should be reserved for black members. In the House of Lords he voted against the controversial Clause 28 banning local authorities from “promoting homosexuality”.

On one occasion a disgruntled traditionalist, Dr Gareth Bennett, wrote an anonymous article in Crockford’s Clerical Directory, attacking the Church’s liberal establishment.

Dr Habgood publicly attacked this article as “scurrilous”, “sour” and “vindictive”. Dr Bennett then took his own life and Habgood’s detractors accused him of having gone too far.

Habgood took his seat in the House of Lords on being appointed Bishop of Durham in 1973. He was elevated to the peerage as Lord Habgood of Calverton after his retirement as Archbiship of York in 1995.

He was married with four children. His wife Rosalie died in 2016.