How can I provide EPA and DHA omega-3s?
Because the synthesis of EPA and DHA from the ALA omega-3 is not very efficient in the body, plant sources of omega-3 are not ideal. They will provide some nutritional benefits, but it really is the EPA and DHA omega-3 fats that you want. Adding EPA and DHA directly to the diet is the most effective way of providing your dog with these fantastic fats.
Interestingly, marine algae are highly efficient at converting ALA to EPA and DHA omega-3s. As a result, good sources of
EPA and DHA include the fish that feed off marine algae (notably many species of oily fish), fish that eat those fish, or the marine algae itself! It is possible to add prepared fish oil to your dog’s diet to enhance dietary levels of these key omega-3 fatty acids, and salmon oil is a common ingredient added to commercial dog foods, or you can choose to add it yourself.
Alternatively, you can feed oily fish such as sardines or salmon directly to your dog, either as treats or as a main meal ingredient. Specific omega-3 supplements in the form of capsules are also an option and many of these clearly state the amount of omega-3 they contain and in which form — ALA, EPA, DHA. This means that you can make informed choices about how much to add if specific amounts are recommended by your vet or nutritionist to support certain conditions. There are also some supplements made from marine algae now available. These are of particular interest as they are more environmentally sustainable than using fish as a source of omega-3s. In addition, omega-3 supplements made from marine algae might be useful for dogs who have an intolerance to, or dislike of, fish!
If you are interested in the omega-3 fatty acids in your dog’s diet, or are thinking about adding additional omega-3s, it is worth seeking some advice first. If you are feeding a well-formulated diet, it might already have a good level of omega-3 fatty acids, and EPA and DHA specifically. If this is not detailed on the packaging, speak to the manufacturer or your nutritionist for guidance. Supplements should have clear feeding advice about recommended amounts to add to your dog’s diet. Your vet might also give you some help, as it is possible to feed too much omega-3 in the diet. This can impact on blood clotting and other systems, so checking overall levels for your individual dog’s situation is important.
Whether you carefully manage the overall levels of omega-3s in your dog’s diet or feed the occasional omega-3-rich treat, this can be an easy way to give your dog some fantastic fats and support his overall health and well-being by applying nutritional science.