Trump set up Biden’s China stance
A key storyline of President Biden’s overseas trip was how different Biden was from former President Donald Trump, and indeed he was — except in one crucial area.
Biden’s hawkishness on China, which figured prominently, was a reflection of how fundamentally Trump changed our posture toward Beijing.
It is the ultimate victory for a politician if he doesn’t just reorient his own party, but the other party — Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher both did this, producing more moderate Democratic and Labor leaders in Bill Clinton and Tony Blair, respectively.
On China, Trump’s wrenching shift in the U.S. approach is now getting the tribute of broad acceptance by a successor who has nothing good to say about him and wants, in fact, to differentiate himself from the former president as much as possible.
It is impossible to imagine President Barack Obama during his time in office, just five years ago, pressuring reluctant European allies to take a tougher line on China, as Biden did over the past week.
For 20 years, the U.S. had operated on the bipartisan assumption that welcoming Beijing into the international system and establishing closer commercial ties would pay off in a liberalizing China.
By the end of the Obama years, it was increasingly clear that this strategy had come a cropper.
Even as China invested massively in its military, encroached further on the South China Sea, continued to engage in cyber espionage and hacking, launched the Belt and Road Initiative, started to build its own international financial architecture via the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and began its campaign of cultural genocide against the Uyghurs, Obama remained accommodating.
The old consensus on China had become unsustainable, but it took Trump, contemptuous of elite opinion and willing to blow things up. For years, the security and trade relationships with China had been considered separate realms, or worse, we’d been afraid of pushing too hard on security matters for fear of upsetting commercial relationships.
Trump linked trade and security, and sent the message to the world that the co-mingling of U.S. and Chinese economies wasn’t inevitable and, indeed, could be reversed.
Trump over-personalized his relationship with President Xi and oversold what might come of the trade war with China, but the reorientation was unmistakable.
Beneath the drumbeat of controversy from the top, though, Trump officials undertook a thoughtful, deliberate effort to set out and implement a new strategy.
The administration produced several important documents across the government — from the Department of Defense to the National Security Council, to the State Department — that crystallized the new thinking.
The administration worked to buttress alliances in Asia and successfully lobbied European countries to exclude the Chinese company Huawei from its networks, part of a broad pushback on all fronts, including defense, diplomacy, cyber, telecom, trade and human rights.
By any fair measure, this was a serious campaign and China’s behavior in recent years has only underlined its necessity.
It would be foolish to trash all of this only because it had the name “Trump” attached to it. To his credit, Biden hasn’t. It remains to be seen how tough-minded he really will be on China, but directionally, his push to get allies on the record condemning Chinese malfeasance is welcome.