Japanese internment photos inspire documentary film

Dorothea Lange is known for her Depression-era photos of hard-bitten rural Americans.

She created a lesserknown portfolio of work documenting a shameful chapter in American history, the forced internment of 117,000 Japanese-Americans during the months after Pearl Harbor.

In 1942, she had been hired by the government to photograph the relocation of the American citizens as a way of demonstrating that they had been treated kindly.

“The government wanted a record to show that this had been a humane process and there was nothing for anyone to complain about,” Elizabeth Partridge, Lange’s biographer, told filmmaker Abby Ginzberg. Ginzberg’s new documentary film shows the horrendous truth.

Though she was given some restrictions — she was not to show barbed wire or guard towers in the photos — Lange was generally left to her own devices. What she recorded was a deep, quiet sadness. “She had a way of capturing a combination of the despair and the fortitude, the resilience,” said Ginzberg.

The photos that Lange produced were unsatisfactory for the War Relocation Authority’s purposes. “They looked at the pictures and thought ‘this is not necessarily good PR for us,’ ” said Ginzberg. Most of the photos sat quietly in the National Archives for years afterward.

Then those photos were collected in a book called “Un-American: The Incarceration of Japanese Americans During World War II,” by Richard Cahan and Michael Williams.

When Ginzberg, of Berkeley, California, was approached by the authors to make a companion documentary film, she was at first uninterested. “I can’t make a movie about a book,” she said.

In 2017 came an executive order and travel ban that heavily affected Muslims. Suddenly the isolation and imprisonment of 117,000 members of an ethnic group had contemporary resonance.

“What’s happening today, with immigration, with refugees, with family separation at the border — I thought I was making a film about American history, but it turned out I was making a film about today’s conflicts,” said Ginzberg.

Her movie, “And Then They Came For Us,” made with partner Ken Schneider, demonstrates that anti-Japanese sentiment had been stoked for a while. “It was not just Pearl Harbor,” said Ginzberg, 68. “There were years of anti-Japanese sentiment. The seeds had been sown.”

The film is narrated by actor George Takei, best known for his turn as Mr. Sulu in the original “Star Trek” television series. “It was a failure of American democracy,” says Takei, whose family was imprisoned when he was 5 years old, “and yet because most Americans are not aware of that dark chapter of American history, it’s about to be repeated.”

The images show families, their faces set in melancholy patience, dressed in their Sunday best, with suitcases piled around them. “I don’t think they knew where they were going,” said Ginzberg. In Takei’s case, soldiers with fixed bayonets sent them to converted horse stables in Santa Anita Park in Los Angeles.

The barns reeked of manure.

PHOTO BY DOROTHEA LANGE A Japanese family waits to be taken to an internment site. During the first months after Pearl Harbor, 117,000 Japanese-Americans were told to sell their property and they were moved to camps that often featured primitive accommodations.

PHOTO BY CLEM ALBERS Dorothea Lange and Clem Albers were among several photographers hired to document the internment of Japanese-Americans during the aftermath of Pearl Harbor. Their photographs show one of the shameful chapters of American history.