Chicago Daily Tribune

ON NOVEMBER 1 ...

In 1512 Michelangelo finished painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel at the Vatican.

In 1604 William Shakespeare’s tragedy “Othello” was first presented at Whitehall Palace in London.

In 1611 William Shakespeare’s drama “The Tempest” was first presented at

Whitehall.

In 1765 the Stamp Actwent into effect, prompting stiff resistance from American colonists.

In 1936, in a speech in Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini described the alliance between his country and Nazi Germany as an “axis” running between Rome and Berlin.

In 1952 the United States exploded the first hydrogen bomb, codenamed “Ivy Mike,” at Enewetak Atoll in theMarshall Islands.

In 1954 Algerian nationalists began their successful rebellion against French rule.

In 1968 theMotion Picture Association of America unveiled its new voluntary film rating system: G for general audiences, M for mature audiences (later changed to GP, then PG), R for restricted audiences, and X (later changed to NC-17) for adults only.

In 1973, following the“Saturday Night Massacre ,” Acting Attorney General Robert Bork appointed

Leon Jaworski to be the new Watergate special prosecutor, succeeding Archibald Cox.

In 1989 East Germany reopened its border with Czechoslovakia, prompting tens of thousands of refugees to flee to theWest.

In 1991 Clarence Thomas took his place as the newest justice on the Supreme Court.

In 1997 Chinese President Jiang Zemin defended his government during an appearance at Harvard University, but conceded that China had made mistakes. Meanwhile, about 2,000 people demonstrated outside both for and against the Beijing government.

In 1998 the military arm of the radical Islamic group Hamas made an unprecedented threat againstYasser Arafat, demanding the Palestinian leader halt a crackdown against it or face violent vengeance.

In 2002 a federal judge approved most provisions of an antitrust settlement between Microsoft and the Justice Department.

In 2003 Democratic presidential candidate Howard Dean stirred controversy within his party by telling the DesMoines Register he wanted to be “the candidate for guys with Confederate flags in their pickup trucks.” (The former Vermont governor explained that he intended to encourage the return of Southern voters who had abandoned the Democrats for decades but were disaffected with the Republicans.)

In 2007 retired Air Force Brigadier Gen. Paul Tibbets, who piloted the B-29 bomber Enola Gay that dropped the atomicbombon Hiroshima, died in Columbus, Ohio; he was 92. Also in 2007 Less than a week after workers ratified a new contract, Chrysler announced 12,000 job cuts.

In 2012 Raymond Kasper, the nephew of serial killer JohnWayne Gacy, was sentenced to 24 years for the sexual assault of a 12-yearold girl in her home in Algonquin, Ill. Also in 2012 singer- songwriter Blake Shelton won entertainer, male vocalist and song of the year honors, the latter shared with wife Miranda, at the 46th Country Music Association Awards.

In 2013 a 23-year-old man with an assault rifle shot and killed Gerardo-Hernandez, an unarmed Transportation and Security Administration agent, and wounded another TSA agent and a teacher before being wounded by police at Los Angeles International Airport. (SuspectPaul Ciancia, 23, faces multiple charges, including murder.) Also in 2013 a U.S. drone strike killed Pakistani Taliban chief HakimullahMehsud in NorthWaziristan.

In 2014 Brittany Maynard, who became the public face of the right-to-die movement, killed herself at her home in Portland, Ore. She was 29. (She had terminal brain cancer.)

In 2016 the Chicago White Sox ballpark’s name was officially changed from U.S. Cellular Field to Guaranteed Rate Field.

In 2017 theHouston Astros beat the Los Angeles Dodgers 5-1 in Game 7 of the World Series to win the franchise’s first championship.