Shanghai fosters NEV sector’s growth
City strives to build global industrial cluster of new energy vehicle companies like Tesla
Working for a boss as aspiring as Tesla Inc CEO Elon Musk could be one of the most difficult jobs one could ask for, as high turnover at the top at the electric carmaker is no secret.
He has been happy with the China team’s work though, in particular at the company’s Shanghai factory, the first outside the United States, describing it as a “template for future growth”.
This is not surprising. The $2 billion plant broke ground last January and started trial production in October, and Tesla said it was around 65 percent less expensive to build than an equivalent facility in the US. The first China-made Tesla cars were delivered to customers on Dec 30.
Tao Lin, vice-president of Tesla, said the company had made a great choice to build the plant in Shanghai. “Thanks to the outstanding business environment in Shanghai, many of our innovative ideas have become a reality,” Tao told reporters in early November.
Tesla is not the only representative of its industry that has been attracted to the city, which is stepping up its efforts to build a world-class industrial cluster of new energy vehicle (NEV) companies based on its traditional advantages in the automotive industry.
At a promotional meeting in September in the Lingang area of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone, where Tesla’s plant is located, agreements for 24 vehicle-related projects with a combined investment of 8 billion yuan ($1.1 billion) were signed, covering manufacturing, applications and service, according to the China News Service.
Zhu Zhisong, a senior official at the area, said the authorities would roll out more competitive policies and favorable financial rules to attract companies that specialize in smart and clean-energy vehicles.
Lingang’s output in terms of vehicles and components totaled 38 billion yuan in 2018, said Zhu.
Shanghai’s Jiading district, where China’s largest carmaker SAIC is based, is equally ambitious.
In a guideline released in April, the district expects to have more than 50,000 automotive engineers and over 50,000 IT professionals by 2035 as vehicles feature more software, according to Xinhua News Agency.
Jiading has been a powerhouse of Shanghai’s auto industry, with one highlight being the SAIC Volkswagen joint venture which was established in 1984.
In late November, the Sino-German joint venture launched pre-production of electric models at a new plant in the district.
The factory, with an annual capacity of 300,000 vehicles, is the first designed and built in China for Volkswagen’s electric-car-only platform, and production is expected to start this year.
Pre-production began just a few days after Volkswagen started manufacturing its first model on the platform in Zwickau, Germany.
Stephan Woellenstein, CEO of Volkswagen Group China, said: “It took only 12 months to see the completion of this innovative factory. We will speed up our new energy vehicle offensive even more, as we expect further e-mobility market growth.”
By 2025 the plant will produce up to 15 models with the same platform.
“Fully intelligent and digitized, the plant sets a new benchmark for green and smart factories for Volkswagen Group China and the whole Chinese auto industry,” Volkswagen said in a statement.
GM has been speeding up its effort in terms of NEVs. Its Chevrolet unveiled the first electric car for the Chinese market in November, which will be produced at its joint venture, SAIC-GM.
GM has established a battery lab in
Shanghai’s Pudong new area with fully fledged research and development capability and expertise to design, validate and test batteries.
The largest carmaker in the US has localized battery pack assembly at SAIC-GM’s battery assembly plant in the city since 2018.
“The facility has adopted a series of world-leading battery assembly processes to ensure the safety, reliability and durability of the batteries powering our electric vehicles built and sold in China,” said GM in a statement.
Sean Stein, US consul general in Shanghai, said a lot of international companies, including many from the US, have chosen Shanghai because of the city’s business environment.
“The authorities know that it is important to have good relations with companies, which is actually a ‘secret weapon’ for them to attract international firms,” said Stein.
He made the remarks in a speech when US component supplier DRiV opened its Asia-Pacific headquarters in the city’s Yangpu district on Dec 6.
The authorities in Shanghai have also been promoting the development of smart and connected vehicles. Shanghai issued the country’s first permits to conduct operational tests of such vehicles in September, marking China’s latest step toward the commercialization of autonomous driving.
The city opened its first road section for testing smart and connected vehicles in March 2018, and so far the roads have a combined length of 53.6 kilometers, covering 1,580 different scenarios.
“China has the most complicated traffic scenarios in the world, so the BMW Group’s automated driving R&D in China has become an important part of autonomous driving development worldwide,” said BMW.
BMW was among the first companies to receive the test permits in Shanghai. It has set up autonomous driving R&D teams in Shanghai and Beijing, composed of nearly 100 engineers. They focus on the development and validation of automated driving function based on typical traffic scenarios in China.
David Nagy, a senior executive at executive search firm DHR International, said Shanghai has a competitive edge over other cities in attracting professionals because of abundant career opportunities.
Besides newcomers like Tesla, a big number of companies have operations in the city, ranging from carmakers like GM and Volkswagen to suppliers including Continental, ZF and Bosch.
“Shanghai is a city that is attractive for engineers to come, because if it doesn’t work out with (one) company, there are other companies that I can go to,” said Nagy.
“For mid-level individuals starting to have families, it’s also a nice place to live. It presents career opportunities as well, and all the cultural activities, schooling and so on.”