Outbreak’s financial fallout slams immigrants
NEW YORK — Sotero Cirilo sleeps in a small blue tent under a train track bridge in Elmhurst in the Queens borough of New York.
The 55-year-old immigrant from Mexico used to make $800 per week at two Manhattan restaurants, which closed when the COVID-19 pandemic started. A few months later, he couldn’t afford the rent of his room in the Bronx borough, and afterward, of another room in Queens he moved into.
“I never thought I would end up like this, like I am today,” he said in Spanish, his eyes filling up with tears.
Cirilo, whomainly speaks an Indigenous language called Tlapanec, is part of an increasing number of immigrants in the country illegally who are falling through the cracks due to the pandemic, some advocates and nonprofits say. They worked in hardhit industries — such as restaurants, hospitality or construction — and lack of income has affected their ability to afford food and rent, pushing some out of their homes.
Unemployment among Hispanic immigrants has nearly doubled in the country, going from 4.8% in January 2020 to 8.8% in February 2021, according to the Migration Policy Institute. These numbers don’t take into consideration immigration status, but activists and social workers in states like New York or California say more vulnerable immigrants, whom often don’t qualify for aid, are finding themselves without a home.
“I have seen an increase of encampments of immigrants experiencing homelessness in Queens. Each has five or six tents,” said Yessenia Benitez, 30, a licensed clinical social worker who helps these groups.
“Right now, they are adapting by collecting bottles but they are working folks. They want to contribute to society. And before the pandemic, they were contributing to society, some of them were paying taxes,” Benitez said.
In Los Angeles, the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights has seen a “significant increase” of calls to a hotline of assistance for immigrants over the last six months, said Jorge-Mario Cabrera, spokesman for the organization.
“Wehaveseenanincrease in calls from individuals living in the street, living in cars, living in garages or often living with friends in already overcrowded conditions,” said Cabrera.
“They don’t even have money to pay for their
phone bills. This is why we are saying that one of the side effects of the COVID19 (pandemic) is in fact a complete unraveling of the safety net for undocumented immigrants,” he added. “While other communities are receiving (financial) assistance, immigrants are receiving nothing, most of the time.”
Cabrera said many of the immigrants calling are essential workers whose income has been “drastically reduced.”
In New York, Cirilo’s tent is next to others that Benitez bought for several homeless immigrants that set up the Elmhurst encampment in September.
Recently, the group sat on milk crates and talked below a wall painted with colorful graffiti. Next to the tents,
there are backpacks, blankets andbags full of emptybottles and cans for recycling. Three small dogs laid next to the men.
Alfredo Martinez’s tent is green.
Also a Mexican immigrant, Martinez, 38, used to work in construction but his hours were reduced when the pandemic started.
Lack of steady income increased tensions with a roommate and he ended up in the street, where he has lived for the last four months.
Martinez now works sporadically as a day laborer and is hoping to save enough to rent a roomandalsoafford the 40-hour Occupational Safety and Health Administration training course he says he needs to have more steady construction employment.
“The pandemic started andmyworldcamecrashing down,” Martinez said. “This is the first time something like this happens to me. But I think it is temporary. I hope it is temporary.”
According to a recent New York City report, there are about 476,000 unauthorized immigrants in the city.
The Mayor’s Office of Immigrant Affairs estimated in the report that 60% of unauthorized workers have already lost their job or are at risk of losing their job during the pandemic, compared to 36% of all workers.
Thepoverty rate for unauthorized immigrants in the city is 29.2%, higher than the 27% poverty rate for green card holders and migrants with other statutes, according to the report. Thepoverty rate for the U.S. born in New
York is 20%.
Immigrants in the country illegally can’t access stimulus help or unemploymentbenefits even if they pay taxes. Some cities and states have, however, pushed efforts to help.
California gave some cash to unauthorized immigrants last year and New York lawmakers recently created a $2.1 billion fund to aid workers who lost jobs or income during the pandemic but were excluded from other government relief programs because of their immigration status. The program is the largest of its kind in the U.S.
In Arizona, advocacy groups say immigrant women who clean hotel rooms are suffering financially and things got harder for themwithschools closed and kids at home.
“This one lady made a ‘tiendita’ (store) out of her apartment and she was selling gum, she wasselling soda, she wasselling whatever she could to the people that live in the apartment complex so she could make enough moneytopayrent,” said Petra Falcon, executive director of Promise Arizona, a nonprofit in Phoenix.
Spokespeople at the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development said they had no data they could provide now on the impact of the pandemic on homelessness.
According to the latest HUD report, the number of people experiencing homelessness nationwide increased by 2% between 2019 and 2020, or 12,751 more people, marking the fourth consecutive annual increase in homelessness. Of all people experiencing homelessness, 23% were Hispanic or Latino.
Cirilo, the 55-year-old Mexican experiencing homelessness in Elhmurst, said he hopes to move back to his native country one day.
“My children have asked me to go back,” he said. “But I can’t go back like this.”