States may consider longer coverage for new mothers
Lawmakers in several conservative-led states — including Montana, Wyoming, Missouri and Mississippi — are expected to consider proposals to provide a year of continuous health coverage to new mothers enrolled in Medicaid.
Medicaid beneficiaries nationwide are guaranteed continuous postpartum coverage during the ongoing COVID-19 public health emergency. But momentum has been building for states to extend the default 60-day required coverage period ahead of the emergency’s eventual end. Approximately 42 percent of births nationwide are covered under Medicaid, the federal-state health insurance program for low-income people, and extending postpartum coverage aims to reduce the risk of pregnancyrelated deaths and illnesses by ensuring that new mothers’ medical care isn’t interrupted.
The push comes as a provision in the American Rescue Plan Act makes extending postpartum Medicaid coverage easier because states no longer
need to apply for a waiver. A renewed focus on maternal health amid high U.S. maternal mortality rates also is driving the proposals, as is the expectation that more women will need postpartum care as state abortion bans proliferate in the wake of the Supreme Court’s decision to eliminate federal protections.
Thirty-five states and Washington, D.C., have already extended, or plan to extend, postpartum eligibility in their Medicaid programs. That number includes Texas and Wisconsin, which did not implement the
ARPA provision but have proposed limited extensions of six months and 90 days, respectively.
The 15 states that limit postpartum Medicaid eligibility to 60 days are predominantly a swath of Republican-led states that stretch from the Mountain West to the South. But that could change when legislative sessions start in the new year.
In Montana, Republican Gov. Greg Gianforte and the director of the Department of Public Health and Human Services, Charlie Brereton, included 12-month postpartum eligibility in the governor’s proposed state budget. It would cost $9.2 million in federal and state funding over the next two years, according to the proposal, with the federal government covering nearly 70 percent.
A U.S. Health and Human Services Department report last year estimated that about 2,000 women in Montana would benefit from the change. State health department spokesperson Jon Ebelt said state officials’ estimate is half that number. The reason for the disparity was not immediately clear.
Brereton considers the “extension of coverage for new mothers to be a pro-life, profamily reform,” Ebelt said.
To become law, the proposal must be approved by state lawmakers once the legislative session begins next month. It has already received enthusiastic support from the senior Democrat on the committee that oversees the health department’s budget. “Continuous eligibility for women after they have a baby is really important,” said state Rep. Mary Caferro during the Children’s Legislative Forum in Helena on
Nov. 30.
The top Republican on the committee, Rep.-elect Bob Keenan, said he hasn’t dug in on the governor’s budget proposal but that he plans to survey his fellow lawmakers and health care providers on the postpartum extension. “I wouldn’t dare venture a guess as to its acceptance,” he said.
Nationwide, more than 1 in 5 mothers whose pregnancies were covered by Medicaid lose their insurance within six months of giving birth, and 1 in 3 pregnancy-related deaths happen between a week and a year after a birth occurs, according to federal health officials.
The United States had the highest overall maternal mortality rate, by far, among wealthy nations in 2020, at 23.8 deaths per 100,000 births, according to a report by the Commonwealth Fund, a foundation that supports research focused on health care issues. The rate for Black women in the U.S. is even higher, 55.3 deaths.
“Many maternal deaths result from missed or delayed opportunities for treatment,” the report said.