In Business
Find out the 20 cities that made the cut.
Now that Amazon.com has whittled down the list of cities it’s considering for its second North American headquarters, it’s time for a new round of everyone’s favorite parlor game: arguing about which city would suit the technology giant best.
After the e-commerce company said it was seeking a second HQ to relieve pressure on its Seattle home base, it received proposals from 238 locations, full of rich economic incentives and goofy marketing gimmicks.
Now it has narrowed the field to 20 places, including three bids from the Washington D.C., area, where Amazon chief executive Jeff Bezos has put down roots, as well as proposals from smaller Midwestern cities (Columbus, Ohio; Indianapolis) and major population centers (New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Toronto and Dallas).
Economic incentives aside — and there are plenty — here are some pros and cons of the places on Amazon’s very long shortlist:
Atlanta
Pros: A major airline hub and home to big corporations, such as UPS, Coca-Cola and Delta. A recent focus on redevelopment projects like the BeltLine — a series of parks built on an old railroad spur that runs through the city — may add to the city’s appeal.
Cons: It’s still not that cool. Amazon prides itself on its urban Seattle locations being walkable and bikable, and a more suburban city like Atlanta may contradict that spirit. Terrible traffic, too.
Austin
Pros: Close to the distribution and business hub of Dallas but much hipper. No Texas income tax, an established tech industry and home to Whole Foods, which Amazon recently acquired.
Cons: Small airport. Despite surging population, still doesn’t feel like a major U.S. city.
Boston
Pros: Proximity to Harvard, MIT and a wealth of other colleges and universities, an airport with nonstop flights to Seattle and Washington, D.C., and a track record for providing rich relocation benefits, like the incentives the city offered GE in 2015.
Cons: Has some of the same drawbacks as New York-high cost of living, tight residential and commercial real estate markets-without the same cultural amenities and depth of talent.
Chicago
Pros: A heavy concentration of operations, marketing, finance and sales employees to poach from other industries. Good public transit, walkable neighborhoods and a variety of housing choices, from downtown apartments to traditional suburbs.
Cons: Shootings in the city have become national news, and the state is still emerging from dire financial straits. Digging its government out of debt could require tax hikes and cuts to public services.
Columbus, Ohio
Pros: A major research university in Ohio State, a fastgrowing economy and cheap housing.
Cons: The housing is cheap for a reason.
Dallas
Pros: Has been a magnet for corporate relocations in the last two decades, offering high quality of life and access to a deep pool of workers. There’s no state income tax, and unlike Austin, it’s a major city and an airline hub.
Cons: Dallas suburbs may seem pretty stodgy to Amazon employees used to the cultural amenities in downtown Seattle.
Denver
Pros: Denver is already popular with tech companies. Colorado boasts strong engineering schools and trounces the other finalists when it comes to close proximity to fresh powder. Fresh, and legal, pot, too, for those who partake.
Cons: The exodus of workers to Denver’s burgeoning tech hub has already stretched the local housing market. Doesn’t offer a lot of geographic diversity from Seattle.
Indianapolis
Pros: Tech company salaries would go far in the heartland, and choosing Indianapolis would make Amazon arguably the most important employer in middle America.
Cons: The sheer of size of the Amazon HQ could swamp the city’s residential and commercial real estate markets. As in Columbus, the cheap housing here isn’t a mystery.
Los Angeles
Pros: The tech giant’s Amazon Studios divisionq uickly becoming a force in Hollywood, with original streaming TV series such as “Transparent” and “Man in the High Castle”-is based in Santa Monica.
Cons: It’s an expensive place to live, a hard place to build in and, like Denver, it doesn’t offer a lot of geographic diversity from Seattle.
Miami
Pros: The Seattle workforce could use a little sun. Bezos, currently the richest man in the world, attended Miami Palmetto Senior High School.
Cons: Lacks an existing tech ecosystem, has high housing costs and might be under water at some point.
Montgomery County, Md.
Pros: This Maryland county is one of three bids in or near the District of Columbia to land on the shortlist. Bezos has put down roots in the area with his acquisitions of the Washington Post and the city’s largest private home.
Cons: Commercial real estate is probably more available here than in the U.S. capital. The trade-off is asking the company’s workforce to work in the ‘burbs.
Nashville
Pros: Good universities, no Tennessee income tax and fame as the country music capital of the world have already made the city popular with major employers.
Cons: Like Austin and Denver, the city has already succeeded in convincing companies to relocate, and the local housing market has struggled to keep up with the flood of new workers.
Newark, N.J.
Pros: Proximity to New York without the Big Apple’s staggering home prices. In October, then-New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie pledged to back the city’s bid to lure Amazon with as much as $7 billion in tax breaks.
Cons: The city might be a tough sell for workers over San Francisco, Los Angeles or New York.
New York
Pros: Locating in New York would give Amazon access to the world’s top pool of finance and media talent and a growing tech scene.
Cons: Housing prices are already high, one of the reasons locals in Seattle are pushing back against the company’s expansion there. There’s also limited space for new office construction.
Northern Virginia
Pros: Like Washington, D.C., and Montgomery County, Northern Virginia offers an educated workforce and proximity to both the federal government and the Washington Post. Commercial real estate is easier to come by than in the District of Columbia.
Cons: The area isn’t as strong on urban appeal as some of the other contenders.
Philadelphia
Pros: Good transit, large population, and it’s close to New York and Washington, with much lower housing costs.
Cons: Amazon would have to convince workers in those cities that giving up cultural amenities for cheaper housing is a trade worth making.
Pittsburgh
Pros: Home to top AI and robotics university Carnegie Mellon, which have already drawn top tech companies like Google and Uber. Close to major distribution hubs in the middle of the country.
Cons: It’s far from other major cities and tech hubs.
Raleigh, N.C.
Pros: Part of an existing tech hub; offers cheap housing, good quality of life and the chance for Amazon to put its stamp on a city in a way that it couldn’t in more established metros.
Cons: Clashes over gender identity and other hot political issues suggest North Carolina is still struggling over its own identity.
Toronto
Pros: A major financial and technology hub and a population that would put it among the top 10 U.S. metropolitan areas. Potentially easier to hire people from abroad because of a more open tone on immigration from the government than in the U.S.
Cons: Housing prices are high compared to cities like Atlanta. The city also doesn’t have much space for housing and commercial development required for HQ2 in the downtown core. Moving integral operations north of the border holds political risks in dealing with the Trump administration.
Washington, D.C.
Pros: A strong technology workforce and proximity to lawmakers and regulators. Bezos put down roots in the area with his 2013 acquisition of the Washington Post.
Cons: Lack of space and zoning restrictions could make it hard to find enough office space. Sticking the headquarters in the ‘burbs would make it easier to find land but harder to appeal to workers. And you don’t get a U.S. senator to fight for you on the Hill.