Houston Chronicle

Fact checking the speech.

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Fact-checking remarks from President Donald Trump’s State of the Union speech. Here’s a look at some of the claims that were examined: ECONOMY

Trump: “In just over two years since the election, we have launched an unpreceden­ted economic boom — a boom that has rarely been seen before. There’s been nothing like it. … An economic miracle is taking place in the United States.”

The facts: The president is vastly exaggerati­ng what has been a mild improvemen­t in growth and hiring. The economy is healthy but not nearly one of the best in U.S. history.

The economy expanded at an annual rate of 3.8 percent last spring and summer, a solid pace. But it was just the fastest in four years. In the late 1990s, growth topped 4 percent for four straight years, a level it has not yet reached under Trump. And growth even reached 7.2 percent in 1984.

Almost all independen­t economists expect slower growth this year as the effect of the Trump administra­tion’s tax cuts fade, trade tensions and slower global growth hold back exports, and higher interest rates make it more expensive to borrow to buy cars and homes.

Trump: The American economy is considered “far and away the hottest economy anywhere in the world.” The facts: This is false. The American economy expanded at an annual rate of 3.5 percent in the third quarter of 2018, the most recent available data. Growth in Latvia and Poland was almost twice as fast. Same for China and India. Even the troubled Greek economy posted stronger growth. And a wide range of economic analysts estimate that the growth of the American economy slowed in the fourth quarter, and slowed even further in the first month of 2019. MINORITIES IN THE WORKFORCE

Trump: “African-American, Hispanic-American and Asian-American unemployme­nt have all reached their lowest levels ever recorded.”

The facts: What he’s not saying is that the unemployme­nt rates for all three groups have gone up since reaching record low levels.

Black unemployme­nt reached a record low, 5.9 percent, in May, but rose to 6.8 percent in January.

Latino unemployme­nt fell to 4.4 percent, its lowest ever, last October, and Asian unemployme­nt fell to a record low of 2.2 percent in May. But Latino and Asian unemployme­nt also have increased, in part because of the government shutdown, which elevated unemployme­nt last month.

The African-American rate is still nearly double the jobless rate for whites, at 3.5 percent. BORDER

Trump: “The lawless state of our Southern Border is a threat to the safety, security and financial wellbeing of all Americans.”

The facts: “Lawless” is way overblown.

Border Patrol arrests, a useful if imperfect gauge of illegal crossings, are relatively low on the Mexican border. There was a 30 percent annual jump in the 2018 fiscal year, to 396,579 from 303,916, but that was coming off a 46-year low. Last year’s tally was down 76 percent from a peak of more than 1.6 million in 2000.

Instead of trying to elude capture, many people turn themselves in to U.S. officials to seek asylum or other form of humanitari­an protection. U.S. border authoritie­s fielded 92,959 “credible fear” claims — the initial step toward asylum — in the 2018 fiscal year, up 67 percent from 55,584 the previous year. The “credible fear” claims accounted for 18 percent of all people arrested or stopped at the Mexican border in the latest period, up from 13 percent a year earlier.

Yes, border crossings have risen sharply in the last months, but that’s driven by an increase in families. There were more than 60,000 people stopped crossing the border illegally or at an official crossing with Mexico in each month from October to December. The number topped 60,000 only four months in the previous five years, during the spring and summer of 2014 and in the waning months of Barack Obama’s presidency. ENERGY

Trump: “We have unleashed a revolution in American energy — the United States is now the number one producer of oil and natural gas in the world.”

The facts: True, if “we” means Trump and his recent predecesso­rs. It’s not all to Trump’s credit. The government says the U.S. became the world’s top natural gas producer in 2013, under Barack Obama’s administra­tion.

The U.S. now leads the world in oil production, too, under Trump. That’s largely because of a boom in production from shale oil, which also began under Obama.

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