ST. JOHN’S WORT

St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) has been used as a medicinal plant since ancient times. According to the Mayo Clinic, “Several studies support its therapeutic benefit in treating mild to moderate depression. But because it causes many drug interactions, it might not be an appropriate choice.” In the U.S., St. John’s wort is regulated only as a dietary supplement.

CHEMICAL NAME

Naphthodianthrones, phloroglucinol, and flavonoids as well as essential oils

MEDICINES

It’s in preparations containing St. John’s wort.

HOW IT WORKS

Like other antidepressant agents, St. John’s wort is thought to raise the body’s levels of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin.

SIDE EFFECTS

Taking St. John’s wort can weaken the effect of many prescription medicines, including birth control pills, cyclosporine, digoxin, oxycodone, as well as warfarin in addition to some cancer medications and HIV drugs. Other side effects may include upset stomach, headache, fatigue, dizziness, confusion, and sexual dysfunction.

INTERACTIONS

Taking St. John’s wort along with standard antidepressants can lead to an excess of serotonin. Symptoms may include agitation, rapid heartbeat, and hallucinations. More dangerous side effects include psychotic symptoms in people with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.

PROPER USE

St. John’s wort should not be considered a replacement for conventional medical care or a reason to postpone seeing a healthcare professional about mental health problems.