Rough puff pastry

Total time: 31⁄ hours, plus overnight

2 chilling time and 3 hours of relaxing time

Servings: Makes a generous 4 1⁄

2 pounds of puff pastry

Note: European-style butter (which has a lower water content than most commercial butter) and pastry flour can be found at most well-stocked supermarkets as well as at gourmet markets and cooking stores.

1 1⁄ cups (5.3 ounces) all-purpose

4 flour, plus more for dusting 5 1⁄ cups (21 ounces) pastry flour

4 1 tablespoon plus 2 teaspoons

kosher salt 9 ounces cold European-style butter, cut into 1- to 1 1⁄2- inch cubes, plus 1 pound plus 7 ounces cold European-style butter, cut in 1½-inch cubes, divided 3⁄ cup plus 2 tablespoons cold

4 water, more if needed 3⁄ cup plus 2 tablespoons cold

4 milk

1. Make the détrempe: In the bowl of a stand mixer, combine the all-purpose and pastry flours with the salt. Using the paddle attachment at low speed, cut in the 9 ounces of cubed butter; the butter will not be completely blended but will be somewhat visible as small chunks. Add the water and milk, and slowly mix it in until the dough just comes together; it will be soft and a bit sticky, but not wet. Add more water if all the flour has not been incorporated. (You can also use a food processor fitted with a metal blade to cut in the butter; turn it out into a bowl and mix in the liquids by hand.)

2. Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and gently knead it a few times until it forms a smooth ball. Use a knife to make a tic-tac-toe crosshatch in the top of the dough. Place the dough back in the mixer, wrap the bowl tightly in plastic wrap and set aside at room temperature for 30 minutes. The dough can also be refrigerated overnight; bring to room temperature before proceeding.

3. Return the bowl to the stand mixer, add the remaining 1 pound and 7 ounces of butter cubes, and mix with the paddle attachment over low speed until the butter is combined but not incorporated, less than a minute; you will still see distinctive chunks of butter. (The butter can also be added by hand, but the butter should be slightly softened: on a floured surface, knead the butter chunks into the dough just until combined but not incorporated.)

4. Remove the dough from the mixer onto a lightly floured work surface. Dust the dough and rolling pin with flour and pat the dough out to a rectangle. (Check the dough frequently while working and using just enough flour to keep the dough from sticking to the work surface or rolling pin). Use a rolling pin to press 5 to 6 ridges into the dough. Working from the top down, roll the pin gently back and forth within the ridges to flatten them slightly; this ensures that the butter is flattened out evenly inside the dough. When you’ve reached the last ridge, the dough should be more or less flat. Roll the dough into a long rectangle measuring approximately 8 inches by 20 inches, pulling at the edges to keep them squared off.

5. Turn the dough: To make the first “turn,” fold the dough rectangle into thirds, folding the bottom up a third of the way, and then folding the top down over the first two layers so the top edge of the dough meets the bottom edge. Check to make sure all the edges are lined up. Rotate the dough so the open flap of pastry (like the open side of a book) is on your right. Roll the dough out to a 10-by-24-inch rectangle, using the same ridge method as before, squaring off the edges. Repeat with a second turn. Wrap the dough tightly in plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 1 1⁄ hours to relax the dough.

2

6. Remove the dough and set aside at room temperature until the dough is malleable, about 30 minutes. Turn the dough twice more, same as before. Cover and chill the dough overnight. The puff pastry dough can be refrigerated up to 5 days, or frozen for up to several months, before proceeding with the final turn. (If freezing the dough, place it in the refrigerator overnight to defrost.)

7. Remove the dough from the refrigerator and set aside until malleable, about 30 minutes. Roll out and turn the dough once more, for a total of 5 turns.

8. Roll the dough out to a thickness of one-fourth inch. Place the dough on parchment-lined baking sheets (cut the dough if necessary to fit), cover and refrigerate for at least 1 hour to give the dough time to relax; otherwise, it will bounce back and shrink as it is baked.

Each of 20 (3.6-ounce) servings: 458 calories; 4 grams protein; 29 grams carbohydrates; 4 grams fiber; 38 grams fat; 24 grams saturated fat; 99 mg cholesterol; 1 gram sugar; 290 mg sodium.