Israel’s Arab parties emerging
By joining forces, the bloc could take a surprising third place in coming election.
KFAR MANDA, Israel — Ayman Odeh was running late, as usual. But like the charismatic politician he is, Odeh lingered over handshakes and looked constituents meaningfully in the eye, sometimes placing his hand atop his tousled head while listening carefully to their questions.
Among his fellow Arab citizens of Israel, Odeh has long been a known quantity, a lawyer from Haifa who began his political career nearly two decades ago when he was elected to the City Council at just 23.
But now, as the leader of a four-party Arab alliance forged to compete in Israel’s elections next week, the 40year-old Odeh is suddenly on everyone’s electoral radar — Jews and Arabs alike.
Polls suggest that his alliance, the Joint List, will garner about 15 seats in the 120seat Knesset, the parliament. That would make it the third-largest Israeli political party, and a serious force to be reckoned with in wrangling over a ruling coalition that is expected to follow the vote.
Odeh’s rise marks a dramatic change of tactics for Israel’s Arab political parties, which have traditionally been tiny and splintered. Arabs make up onefifth of the population but have long felt disconnected from Israeli politics — until now.
“When we were split into several small parties, no one paid us much attention, but this time around, it will be a different story altogether,” Odeh said. In an ebullient Facebook post, he expressed the belief that the Arab bloc was “on our way to the biggest parliamentary achievement in 60 years.”
The last year has been a trying one for Israel’s Arab citizens, who have long considered themselves a downtrodden minority. Many were disturbed by the summer’s bloody conflict in the Gaza Strip but feared a backlash from Jewish Israelis if they made their views known. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu also had pushed hard for a measure emphasizing Israel’s Jewish character — at the expense, critics said, of its democratic one, and in language that made Arab Israelis feel further marginalized.
In a bit of political irony savored by Odeh’s allies, the impetus for forming a joint campaign list came from Israel’s right-wing foreign minister, Avigdor Lieberman, whose party pushed a law through the last Knesset that raised the threshold of votes a party must achieve to be represented. The move was widely viewed as a bid to push Arab politicians out of the Knesset altogether.
Lieberman also gave Odeh an inadvertent boost by haranguing him in a nationally televised debate, accusing his bloc of representing terrorism. Odeh kept his cool, continued smiling and stayed on message, saying that the alliance wants to look out for the rights of all disadvantaged Israelis, not only the Arab minority.
At stump stops in a jampacked campaign schedule, Odeh preaches the politics of inclusion, even when some in his audience express skepticism. At meetings in places such as Kfar Manda, a lower Galilee village of 15,000 residents known by its mainly Arab inhabitants as Kufr Manda, he insists that the Arab parties can overcome wide ideological differences and work for the common good.
Odeh got good marks for connecting with his audience, made up mainly of members of the village’s biggest clan, the Zeidan family. Sweets and fruit were passed around while elders listened and nodded from the plastic chairs that lined the walls.
“We knew Ayman Odeh very well, even before he became a candidate,” said Salim Zeidan. “We always thought of him as representing the new and young generation and leadership. He is the kind of person who always wants to work for his people.”
Despite being what appears to be an election juggernaut, the alliance has some audible creaks in its machinery: There is tension both within the bloc as well as with some traditional Israeli parties, such as the left-leaning Meretz, with which it shares part of its voter base.
Meretz was furious when Odeh was unable to secure his alliance’s support for an agreement that would have, under a quirk of the Israeli electoral system, kept loose votes from being “lost” and boosted the showing of the left wing. Odeh also has been quoted in some reports as warning Arab voters that supporting any party other than the Arab bloc would amount to a “contaminated” ballot.
In addition, even a strong showing would pose a quandary for the alliance. Odeh has not expressed any willingness to join a coalition with the Zionist Union, the center-left bloc that appeared in the latest polls to be pulling ahead of Netanyahu’s conservative Likud. But he has not completely closed the door.
The parties within the Arab alliance have deep differences in political philosophy, including former Communists, national secularists and Islamists. Some observers predict that the bloc will lapse into infighting after the election.
Odeh, who speaks fluent Hebrew with a barely discernible accent, has not confined his campaign appearances to the country’s Arab heartland. After a panel discussion at Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Odeh said he was heartened when some Jewish audience members wanted to shake his hand and pose with him for selfies.
“If I speak as an Arab only, I will be treated as an Arab only,” he said. “If I speak as an Arab, a citizen and a democrat, I will be regarded as such.”