Woman guilty in text suicide trial
Her messages urging boyfriend to end his life are found to be manslaughter.
A Massachusetts judge finds Michelle Carter encouraged her friend up to the time he killed himself.
NEW YORK — Putting a modern spin on the definition of manslaughter, a Massachusetts judge found Michelle Carter guilty in the death of an 18-year-old friend she had instructed to kill himself in a series of text messages and mobile-telephone conversations.
The decision by Bristol Juvenile Judge Lawrence Moniz in the bench trial could have future ramifications for criminal cases involving online speech and assisted suicide.
The novel case rested on more than 1,000 Facebook and text messages exchanged between Carter and her boyfriend, Conrad Roy III, as well as messages Carter sent friends afterward explaining her role.
Roy was found dead in the cab of his pickup truck in the parking lot of a Kmart on July 13, 2014, with a tube from a generator pumping in carbon monoxide.
Up to the moment he passed out from the toxic fumes, Carter, then 17, was on the phone with him, she told friends. When he had doubts and climbed out of the truck, she ordered him back in.
“She can hear him coughing and she can hear the loud noise of the motor,” the judge said in his ruling Friday. Her instructions to return to the truck constituted “wanton and reckless conduct by Ms. Carter, creating a situation where there is a high degree of likelihood that substantial harm would result to Mr. Roy.”
The notoriety of the case turned Carter into a modern-day villainess in social media, where people tweeted threats such as, “I hope you rot in jail forever.”
Tears welled up in Carter’s eyes and she uttered an audible sob as the verdict was read, but she stood upright and still, as though she had accepted the eventuality of a conviction.
Now 20, Carter had waived her right to a jury trial, her lawyer reasoning that a judge would assess her culpability more strictly on the basis of the law.
Sentencing is set for Aug. 3. Carter faces up to 20 years in prison on the conviction for involuntary manslaughter, although such a long sentence would seem unlikely. Moniz allowed Carter to remain free on bail until her sentencing.
In her texts leading up to Roy’s death, Carter belittled her boyfriend for failing to make good on previous threats to commit suicide and made him promise that he would follow through. She sent him research on different methods, including hanging and jumping off a high building, and finally settled on carbon monoxide poisoning. Carter advised Roy to do it away from home so that nobody would interrupt and stop his death.
“And u can’t break a promise. And just go in a quiet parking lot or something,” she wrote him.
When Roy wrote that he didn’t want to hurt his parents, Carter reassured him: “I think your parents know you’re in a really bad place. Im not saying they want you to do it, but I honestly feel like they can accept it.”
Although the case was decided by a county juvenile court judge, legal scholars said it could have a profound effect on how courts think about suicide in the future.
“It may not set a legal precedent, because I don’t think it does at this level of court, but its notoriety will have an impact. I think it will embolden more prosecutors to bring cases like this,” said Laurie Levenson of Loyola Law School.
Daniel Medwed of the Northeastern University School of Law said he thought Carter might have a chance of reversing the decision on appeal. “The judge was basically updating manslaughter as a doctrine to apply to contemporary circumstances,” he said. “The text communications were in a sense the metaphorical gun.”
Both teenagers had a history of psychological problems. Carter had struggled with anorexia and self-cutting. Roy had tried to kill himself as many as four times previously. In their text messages — they rarely saw each other in person — they professed their love, at one point deciding they would kill themselves like Romeo and Juliet, but Carter rejected the idea and focused instead on getting Roy alone to commit suicide.
Prosecutors said that Roy was turning the corner on escaping his depression and would not have killed himself if not for the pressure from Carter. He had recently earned a maritime captain’s license and was set to attend Fitchburg State University in the fall.
“Every time he came up with an excuse not to do it, she kicked his feet from under him,” prosecutor Katie Rayburn said.
Carter did not testify. The defense relied heavily on the testimony of a celebrity psychiatrist, Peter R. Breggin, who said Carter had delusions of grandeur that made her believe that Roy would be better off dead.
The judge said his decision rested heavily on the moments when Roy got out of his truck to get a breath of fresh air and was ordered by Carter to get back inside. Although it was Roy who took all the steps leading to his own death — researched the method, secured the generator and rigged it to the car — he appeared to have had second thoughts, just as happened in past suicide attempts when he called a friend or a parent at the last minute.
“She instructs Mr. Roy to get back into the truck well knowing of all the feeling he has exchanged with her, his ambiguities, his fears, his concern,” the judge said.
After the verdict, Roy’s father, Conrad Roy Jr., told reporters, “We’d like to just process this verdict that we’re happy with.”