Wildfire ignites WWII ordnance
Scattered in the woods outside Berlin, the rusting munitions hamper firefighters.
BERLIN — Wildfires burning south of Berlin have forced the evacuation of three villages as the flames continue to detonate grenades and other rusting munitions left behind from World War II, slowing efforts by firefighters to get an upper hand on the fast-moving blazes that have pushed smoke and ash all the way to Germany’s border with Poland.
The fires broke out in the midst of a record-breaking dry summer and quickly spread across an area the size of about 500 soccer fields in the normally leafy green forests about 30 miles southwest of Berlin.
Seriously complicating efforts to knock down the blazes is the exploding ordnance left over from fighting between the Soviet Red Army and the German Wehrmacht during the closing weeks of World War II. There have been other major fires across Europe this summer, but none with such perils as the relics of Germany’s past. Fires in nearby Fichtenwalde last month caused similar challenges for firefighters because of the leftover munitions.
“It’s unfortunately impossible to say right now how long it will take to get this under control,” Brandenburg state Gov. Dietmar Woidke said Friday after touring the perimeter of the forest fires, which chewed through the area’s towering pine trees.
“It could take a couple of days. We’ve got to stay realistic about the dangers,” he said. “A lot will depend on the weather. We’re going to do everything we can to protect property, but we’re primarily working to protect people from danger.”
He said favorable winds and long-hoped-for rain could help firefighters get an upper hand.
More than 500 people were evacuated from the idyllic and sparsely populated rural region near Berlin as more than 550 firefighters battled to prevent the fires from moving deeper in the forests, according to the Brandenburg state interior ministry. German soldiers stationed in the state have been called in to help firefighters and police.
Ash and smoke from the fires have drifted as far away as Frankfurt on the Oder River, some 70 miles to the northeast on the GermanPolish border. Berlin police advised residents of the German capital to keep their windows closed.
“What’s making everything so especially difficult for the firefighters is that there are still ordnances from the war in the forest soil, and the fire has been setting off the munitions,” said Christian Stein of the Potsdam-Mittelmark district council. “That’s why the firefighters aren’t going into the forest at all.”
Instead, firefighters have been forced to battle the blazes from roads and forest ranger routes that crisscross the forests while relying on aerial support from two helicopters, he added.
“Our main goal right now is to protect the buildings in the three villages we’ve evacuated,” Stein added, referring to Frohnsdorf, Klausdorf and Tiefenbrunnen.
Train lines and roads between Berlin and towns in the area southwest of Berlin were closed Friday.
Police are investigating whether the fires were started by an arsonist because they broke out nearly simultaneously in three locations, according to a report in the Maerkische Allgemeine newspaper on Friday. Between April and early August, 22 fires broke out in the region — at least 10 of which were suspected arson attacks.
Some of the heaviest fighting in World War II took place in the forests outside Berlin, including the battle at the Seelow Heights on April 16, 1945. More than 2.5 million Soviets launched their attack on and around Berlin with some 6,000 tanks and 7,000 warplanes. The area was left littered with ammunition, grenades and other explosives.
Some of the munitions and ordnance could also have been left behind by occupying Soviet troops who engaged in “war games” with training exercises in the forests around Berlin during the Cold War in what was then East Germany.
“The forests around Berlin are filled with munitions, grenades and unexploded debris left behind from World War II,” said Hajo Funke, a professor at Berlin’s Free University and an expert on the Nazi era. “There are far too many to clear away. Everyone knows they are out there and that they’re dangerous. We’re just used to munitions discoveries like that. It’s just part of life.”