Senate clears a key hurdle, votes to start gun debate

14 Republicans join Democrats to advance a bill to tighten background checks.

WASHINGTON — The Senate voted Tuesday evening to start debate on a bipartisan effort to combat gun violence, a sign of progress for what could be the most substantial gun policy to get through Congress in more than three decades.

The procedural vote was approved 64 to 34, with 14 Republicans joining all members of the Democratic caucus to advance the bill. Two Republicans did not vote.

By clearing the 60-vote threshold needed to overcome any filibuster, the measure seems assured final passage, assuming there are no last-minute vote changes.

The bill would increase background checks for would-be gun buyers ages 18 to 21 by providing law enforcement more time to do the checks and incentivizing states to provide juvenile records for the analysis.

It would close the “boyfriend” loophole by prohibiting anyone convicted of abuse against a spouse or domestic partner from buying a gun.

The plan would crack down on gun trafficking and straw purchases as well as fund $750 million to incentivize states to create “red flag” laws that would allow weapons to be temporarily taken away from people who show a risk of violence against themselves or others.

There is also about $15 billion for mental health programs and school safety.

The bipartisan negotiators finalized the bill text just hours before the vote, following nearly a month of negotiation. Final talks centered around the closure of the “boyfriend” loophole and defining a romantic relationship. The final text says the relationship must be romantic or intimate in nature, not business or casual “acquaintanceships.”

Lawmakers are hoping to get through a series of votes on the bill by the end of the week and the start of a twoweek recess.

The legislation is far from what President Biden and many Democrats hoped to see in a gun bill, such as a ban on assault rifles.

But Sen. Christopher S. Murphy (D-Conn.), who led the negotiation for Democrats, praised it because he said it “will save countless lives and finally break a 30year political logjam” on a contentious policy issue.

Sen. John Cornyn (RTexas), who led the debate for Republicans, said they “have found some areas where there’s space for compromise.”

But in a sign of the political tension surrounding any Republican who supports a gun measure, Cornyn was loudly booed at his state’s GOP convention over the weekend because of his work on the bill.

The National Rifle Assn. came out against the legislation, saying it “does little to truly address violent crime while opening the door to unnecessary burdens on the exercise of 2nd Amendment freedom by law-abiding gun owners.”

Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) spoke against that idea, saying the legislation is “a common-sense package of popular steps that will help make these horrifying incidents less likely while fully upholding the 2nd Amendment rights of law-abiding citizens.”

The back-to-back mass shootings last month in Buffalo, N.Y., and Uvalde, Texas, generated a rare opening for the bipartisan negotiations.