Orlando Sentinel

Honor Niger victims with answers.

- Jeremy I. Levitt Commentary Jeremy Levitt is the distinguis­hed professor of internatio­nal law at the Florida A&M University College of Law.

As an internatio­nal lawyer and former World Bank and U.N. official with significan­t experience in zones of conflict in Africa, I am writing to honor the lives of Sgt. La David Johnson, Staff Sgt. Bryan Black, Staff Sgt. Jeremiah W. Johnson and Staff Sgt. Dustin Wright — who were tragically killed in an ambush by terrorists in Niger while assisting the Nigerien government to fight terrorism abroad to protect the American homeland.

John Adams said that “facts are stubborn things; and whatever may be our wishes, our inclinatio­ns, or the dictates of our passions, they cannot alter the state of facts and evidence.” Yet the administra­tion and media are sadly reducing the tragedy in Niger into rap-style beef between President Donald Trump and Congresswo­man Frederica Wilson. In doing so, they are dishonorin­g our fallen troops, miseducati­ng the American public; thereby raising more questions than the known facts or media pundits can answer.

Although I disagree with Wilson’s willingnes­s to jump into the weeds with Trump and his chief of staff, John Kelly, she is not a liar, “an empty barrel” or “wacky.” Wilson is more than a member of Congress to her constituen­ts; she is a highly respected elder speaking on behalf of a broken and widowed 25-year-old mother of three small children. Wilson is a mother figure and mentor to Staff Sgt. Johnson’s family and a stalwart advocate for Miami Gardens.

Let’s begin with the basics: Niger and Nigeria are two different countries located in West Africa. Niger is a former French colony, and Nigeria a former British colony. Niger is about the size of Texas. A person from Niger is Nigerien; whereas a person from Nigeria is Nigerian. Niger is a key U.S. ally. The four slain sergeants were among about 800 military personnel in Niger and 6,000 throughout Africa. The small nation of Djibouti, which hosts America’s Camp Lemonnier and about 4,000 troops, is the only permanent American military base in Africa.

U.S. military personnel in Niger provide, among other things, vital security and support to the U.S. Embassy in Niger’s capital, Niamey, and are building Air Base 201 in Agadez. A small number of U.S. Special Forces provide counterins­urgency and tactical-security training, logistics, intelligen­ce and surveillan­ce support, and unofficial­ly engage in counterter­rorism operations with France, which has 4,000 troops stationed in the country. Niger has been a recipient of U.S. peace-enforcemen­t training since the 1990s, and, since 2005, has been a participan­t in U.S.-led joint military training exercises under the auspices of AFRICOM.

Niger is one of the poorest nations in the world. It is increasing­ly destabiliz­ed by extreme drought, the Tuareg rebellion, and significan­t security challenges birthed in the 1994 closing of 22 CIA stations in Africa by the Clinton administra­tion, and the 2011 toppling of the Gadhafi regime by the Obama administra­tion. These events spawned dangerous intelligen­ce failures and unleashed a new era of African instabilit­y responsibl­e for the spike in violent extremism, deadly conflict and spillover effects in Mali and radical Islamic extremism in northeaste­rn Nigeria. In Africa, satellites are no substitute for human intelligen­ce.

Think Somalia, not Benghazi. Niger’s participat­ion in the French-led interventi­on in Mali and involvemen­t in U.S. counterter­rorism efforts in the region and in the internatio­nal fight against Boko Haram make it a target of radical Islamic extremism groups such as al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), Boko Haram and other violent extremist groups such as Al Murabitun.

I believe that the Oct. 4 ambush and killing of four U.S. Special Forces and four U.S.-trained Nigerien soldiers was a paramount intelligen­ce failure. I believe that the ambush was carried out by radicalize­d village elements in Tongo-Tongo (Tondikiwin­di district) near the Niger-Mali border, under the direction of known terrorist-jihadist Abu Adnan al-Saharaoui. Al-Saharaoui, a North African Arab, is the self-appointed Islamic Emir of the Great Sahara and affiliated with various terrorist movements, including al-Qaida and the Islamic State. Again, think Somalia, not Benghazi.

Rather than squabbling, our elected representa­tives should focus on one vital question: How and why were U.S. Special Forces ambushed in a nation where we operate several drone bases and have sophistica­ted intelligen­ce assets?

The families of our fallen heroes need and deserve straight answers.

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