On this day, Jan. 13

1794 President George Washington approved a measure adding two stars and two stripes to the American flag, following the admission of Vermont and Kentucky to the Union. The number of stripes was later reduced to the original 13.

1873 Carnegie, McCandless & Co., with $750,000 capital, was organized to build a steel-rail mill at nearby Braddock. Andrew Carnegie had one-third interest.

1941 A new law went into effect granting Puerto Ricans U.S. birthright citizenship.

1967 Wesley Posvar was named chancellor of the University of Pittsburgh.

1982 An Air Florida 737 crashed into Washington, D.C.’s 14th Street Bridge and fell into the Potomac River while trying to take off during a snowstorm, killing 78 people. Four passengers and a flight attendant survived.

1992 Japan apologized for forcing tens of thousands of Korean women to serve as sex slaves for its soldiers during World War II, citing newly uncovered documents that showed the Japanese army had had a role in abducting the so-called “comfort women.”

1998 Savio Woo, a researcher with the University of Pittsburgh, was awarded the International Olympics Prize for Sports Science for his work on the treatment of knee injuries. 2012 The Italian luxury liner Costa Concordia ran aground off the Tuscan island of Giglio and flipped onto its side; 32 people were killed.

Some items are from Stefan Lorant’s “Pittsburgh: The Story an American City” (digital.library.pitt.edu/chronology).

— Compiled by Alyssa Brown Today’s birthdays: Actress Frances Sternhagen, 89. Comedian Rip Taylor, 85. Comedian Charlie Brill, 81. Actress Julia Louis-Dreyfus, 58. Country singer Trace Adkins, 57. Actress Penelope Ann Miller, 55. Actor Patrick Dempsey, 53. TV producer-writer Shonda Rhimes, 49. Actress Nicole Eggert, 47. Actor Michael Pena, 43. Actor Orlando Bloom, 42. Meteorologist Ginger Zee, 38. Actress Ruth Wilson, 37. Actor Julian Morris, 36. Actor Liam Hemsworth, 29.

Thought for today: “I am tomorrow, or some future day, what I establish today. I am today what I established yesterday or some previous day.”